We Don't NEET No Education 家裡蹲的尼特族





by Jeremy Beacock

Young people who choose not to work or study are a growing problem around the globe.
選擇不就業或不升學的年輕人正發展為全球性的問題。

  For many different reasons, people find themselves out of work. Usually, governments in developed countries do their best to get citizens back to work or offer opportunities for job training and education. _(1)_ They have become known as NEETs—Not in Employment, Education, or Training.
  The term NEET originally came from the UK's social benefit system. It was used to describe people between the ages of 16 and 24 who have left the education system but have yet to find work or training. _(2)_ In Japan, estimates put the number of NEETs at close to half a million. In addition, most European countries report similar problems.
  What is troubling about the rise of NEETs is that there are plenty of opportunities for work or training. _(3)_ In the UK, the blame is on social deprivation, such as drug abuse or lack of adult role models in good jobs. In Japan, experts link the rise to the youth's personal feelings of alienation. _(4)_
  With the already aging populations increasing, these countries cannot afford to lose younger workers from the employment pools. _(5)_ Whether you blame the rise in NEETs on social problems or on the lazy young people themselves, there is no doubt that this trend is spreading and may have serious consequences in the future.

(A) In both countries, it is feared that the rise in NEETs will lead to an underclass of permanently unemployed citizens with very little chance of improvement.
(B) In the UK in 2007, nearly 10 percent of this age group was classified as NEET.
(C) However, since no one is exactly sure why so many young people are dropping out, it is hard for governments to find effective solutions.
(D) These days, it is becoming clearer that in most countries some people, especially the young, are not taking advantage of these opportunities.
(E) NEETs, for a variety of reasons, simply don't feel the need to take them.
原來如此 


1. 第一題空格應選 (D)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,已開發國家的政府通常會盡力讓人民重回職場,或是提供就業訓練、教育的機會(opportunities for job training and education)。
b. (D) 選項的句子提到,近來大部分國家有個愈來愈明顯的情況,那就是有些人民,尤其是年輕人,並不利用這些機會,此處的 these opportunities 指的就是上一句的 opportunities for job training and education,上下語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. especially adv. 尤其,特別地
例: My sister is afraid of cockroaches, especially those that can fly.
(我妹妹很怕蟑螂,尤其是會飛的那種。)
b. take advantage of...  利用……
例: As a student, you should take advantage of your time and study hard.
(身為學生,你應該利用時間努力唸書。)

2. 第二題空格應選 (B)
理由:
a. 空格前兩句提到,『尼特族』一詞源自英國的社會福利制度,用來形容 16 到 24 歲(people between the ages of 16 and 24)已經不再就學、卻尚未找到工作或接受職訓的年輕人。
b. (B) 選項的句子提到了英國在 2007 年的時候,這個年齡層的人有將近百分之十被歸類為尼特族,選項中的 this age group 指的就是上一句中的 people between the ages of 16 and 24,前後語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
classify vt. 分類
be classified as...  被分類為……
例: Helen's new book was classified as non-fiction even though it's not a true story.
(雖然不是真實故事,海倫的新書仍被歸為非小說類。)

3. 第三題空格應選 (E)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,尼特族增加之所以令人憂心,是因為有許多工作或訓練機會。
b. (E) 選項的句子提到,尼特族基於各種原因,就是認為沒有必要接受這些機會,選項中的複數代名詞 them 指的就是前一句提到的 opportunities for work or training,上下語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a variety of...  各式各樣的……
例: A variety of animals appeared in the film.
(那部電影中有各式各樣的動物在裡面出現。)

4. 第四題空格應選 (A)
理由:
a. 空格前兩句分別提到尼特族在英國與日本崛起的原因。
b. (A) 選項的句子提到,這兩個國家都害怕尼特族的增加會造成永久失業的人民淪為社會的下層階級,沒有什麼向上提升的機會,這兩個國家指的就是之前提到的英國和日本,前後語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. lead to...  導致∕造成……
例: Exposure to radiation can lead to cancer.
(曝露在輻射線下可能會致癌。)
b. underclass n. 下層階級∕社會
c. permanently adv. 永久地
temporarily adv. 暫時地
例: Winning the lottery permanently changed Kyle's life.
(中樂透彩永遠改變了凱爾的一生。)
d. unemployed a. 失業的
e. improvement n. 改善

5. 第五題空格應選 (C)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,隨著老年人口的增加,這些國家無法承擔沒有年輕就業人口所帶來的損失。
b. (C) 選項的句子提到,因為沒有人能百分之百確定為什麼這麼多年輕人不進入職場,政府很難找出有效的解決方式,置入後上下文語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. drop out (of sth)  退出(比賽∕學業)
例: Tommy sprained his knee and had to drop out of the ping-pong competition.
(湯米扭傷膝蓋而必須退出桌球比賽。)
b. effective a. 有效的
例: Having big sales are often effective ways of getting customers into department stores.
(舉行特賣通常是百貨公司吸引消費者上門的有效方法。)
精解字詞片語 


1. originally adv. 起初,原來
例: This big city was originally a small fishing port.
(這座大城市原本只是個小漁港。)

2. have yet to V  尚未……
例: There are only two days left, and I have yet to finish the assignment.
(時間只剩兩天,而我的作業還沒完成。)

3. blame n. & vt. 指責,責怪
blame A on B  將 A 怪罪於 B
= blame B for A
例: Ed blamed the failure of the project on me.
(艾德把這次專案失敗的責任怪到我頭上。)

4. deprivation n. 剝奪;喪失
deprive [ dI`prZIv ] vt. 剝奪
deprive sb of sth  剝奪某人某物
例: The car accident deprived Sam of the use of his right hand.
(那場車禍使山姆失去右手的活動能力。)

5. link A to B  把 A 與 B 連結∕聯想在一起
例: The police linked the death of the actor to his ex-wife.
(警方認為那位演員的死與他前妻有關。)

6. can/cannot afford + N/to V  可以∕無法承擔……;負擔得起∕不起……
例: We cannot afford to offend such an important client.
(我們承擔不起得罪這麼一位重要的客戶。)

例: I can't afford that expensive watch.
(我買不起那支昂貴的手錶。)

7. there is no doubt + that 子句  毫無疑問……
例: There is no doubt that cell phones are a necessity nowadays.
(豪無疑問,手機是現代生活的一項必需品。)
單字小舖 


1. a developed country  已開發國家
a developing country  開發中國家
2. employment n. 受雇;工作
3. social benefit system  社會福利制度
4. estimate n. 估計 & vt. 估計
5. trouble vi. 煩惱,憂心
6. abuse n. 濫用
drug abuse  吸毒;濫用藥物
7. role model n. 榜樣,模範
8. alienation n. 疏離
9. aging a. 老化的
10. pool n. 一組人或事物
the employment pool  就業人口
11. trend n. 趨勢
中文翻譯&標準答案 


  有許多原因會造成人們失業。已開發國家的政府通常會盡力讓人民重回職場,或是 提供就業訓練、教育的機會。近來,大部分國家有個愈來愈明顯的情況,那就是有些人民,尤其是年輕人,並不利用這些機會。他們成為眾人所知的『尼特 族』(NEETs)――不工作、不升學或接受訓練(Not in Employment, Education, or Training)。
  『尼特族』一詞源自英國的社會福利制度,用來形容 16 到 24 歲已經不再就學、卻尚未找到工作或接受職訓的年輕人。英國在 2007 年的時候,這個年齡層的人有將近百分之十被歸類為尼特族。在日本,估計將近有 50 萬名尼特族。此外,大多數的歐洲國家都傳出類似的問題。
  尼特族增加之所以令人憂心,是因為有許多工作或訓練機會。尼特族基於各種原因,就是認為沒必要接受這些機會。在英國,這種現象被歸咎於缺乏社會照顧, 像是年輕人濫用毒品,或是他們欠缺擁有正當工作的成年人作為楷模等。在日本,專家認為尼特族崛起的原因和年輕人個人的疏離感有關。這兩個國家都害怕尼特族 的增加會造成永久失業的人民淪為社會的下層階級,沒有什麼向上提升的機會。
  隨著老年人口的增加,這些國家無法承擔沒有年輕就業人口所帶來的損失。然而,因為沒有人能百分之百確定為什麼這麼多年輕人不進入職場,政府很難找出有 效的解決方式。不論你把尼特族增加的原因怪罪於社會問題或是年輕人自己太懶惰,不可否認的是這股趨勢正在蔓延,未來也許會造成嚴重的後果。

標準答案: 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (E) 4. (A) 5. (C)



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