Junk Food and Bad Sleep  遠離垃圾睡眠,擁有健康人生





by Jeremy Beacock

Junk sleep can be just as bad for you as junk food.
垃圾睡眠就和垃圾食物一樣,對你都不健康。

  These days, many teenagers have electronic gadgets in their bedrooms. In the UK, it has been estimated that95 percent of teenagers have at least a phone, TV, or stereo in their rooms, but most have more. All this equipment is causing a new health problem—junk sleep.
  A recent survey showed that these electronic devices often keep teenagers from sleeping. _(1)_ As a result, they usually only got between four and six hours of sleep, which is much less than the eight or nine hours doctors recommend. What's more, many admitted they forgot to turn off their TVs or stereos before going to sleep, _(2)_ Doctors believe that this could become a major problem. Getting enough sleep is very important, especially for teenagers. Lack of sleep leads to bad moods and poor concentration and can even interfere with the proper development of the brain. _(3)_ Several scientific studies show that if people sleep less than they should, their brains do not control their appetites, either, so they tend to eat more. In addition, people tend to eat sugary, high-energy foods to get a quick boost when they feel sleepy. _(4)_
  For all these reasons, getting enough sleep is just as important to one's health as exercising and maintaining a balanced diet. Everyone knows that junk food is a bad idea, _(5)_

(A) so to keep in shape, go to bed early and switch off your television before you fall asleep!
(B) According to the survey, 30 percent of the teenagers said that they would stay up late watching TV or talking on the phone.
(C) Furthermore, there seems to be a link between a shortage of sleep and weight gain.
(D) so their sleep was affected by the non-stop noise from those devices.
(E) As a consequence, young and middle-aged people who do not sleep enough have a much higher risk of obesity than those who get plenty of sleep.

原來如此 


1. 第一題空格應選 (B)
理由:
a. 空格前的句子表示,最近一項調查(survey)顯示這些電器(electronic devices)常會妨礙青少年的睡眠。
b. 選項 (B) 的句子說,根據這項調查(survey),百分之三十的青少年表示他們會熬夜看電視或講電話(watching TV or talking on the phone)。選項中的 TV 及 phone 與其前的 electronic devices 形成關聯,且兩句皆有關鍵詞 survey,故選之。
大補丸:
a. survey n. 調查
b. stay up late + V-ing  熬夜(做)……
= sit up late + V-ing
例: Mark decided to stop staying up late playing computer games.
(麥克決定不再熬夜打電腦遊戲。)

2. 第二題空格應選 (D)
理由:
a. 空格前說到,許多人承認他們睡覺前會忘了關電視或是音響。
b. 空格逗點前是一個句構完整的句子,可知空格內應置入首字母小寫的連接詞開頭的句子。
c. 選項 (A) 與 (D) 的句子均以連接詞 so 開頭,可連接前後兩句;然 (D) 項說這些設備不間斷的噪音就會影響到他們的睡眠,上下語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. affect vt. 影響
例: The bad weather affected Gina's mood.
(惡劣的天氣影響了吉娜的心情。)
b. non-stop a. 連續的,不間斷的
c. device n. 裝置;儀器

3. 第三題空格應選 (C)
理由:
a. 空格後提及幾份科學研究都發現如果人們睡覺的時間比應該要有的時間短,他們的頭腦也就無法控制食慾,所以容易吃得比較多。
b. 選項 (C) 的句子則說此外,睡眠不足與體重增加似乎也有所關聯,兩句皆談及睡眠時間不夠和體重增加的關係,語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. link n. 關聯
a link between A and B  A 和 B 之間的關聯
例: The police can't find a link between the murder weapon and the suspect.
(警方無法找出凶器和嫌犯之間的關聯。)
b. shortage n. 短缺,不足

4. 第四題空格應選 (E)
理由:
a. 空格前的兩個句子說到,幾份科學研究都發現如果人們睡覺的時間比應該要有的時間短,他們的頭腦也就無法控制食慾,所以容易吃得比較多。另外,他們往往在愛 睏時會吃含糖的高能量食品以迅速提升精力。
b. 選項 (E) 的句子則說,因此,睡眠不足的年輕人或中年人比起那些睡眠充分的人更容易有肥胖的風險,形成一結論句,語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. As a consequence, S + V  結果,……
= As a result, S + V
例: Hans had a big fight with his girlfriend. As a consequence, they broke up.
(漢斯和女友大吵一架,結果他們分手了。)
b. obesity n. 肥胖(症)
c. plenty of...  許多的……
例: Don't worry. We still have plenty of time to finish the project.
(別擔心。我們還有很多時間來完成這項專案。)

5. 第五題空格應選 (A)
理由:
a. 空格前的句子說睡眠充分就跟運動和飲食均衡一樣對人體健康都很重要。
b. 空格逗點前是一個句構完整的句子,可知空格內應置入首字母小寫的連接詞開頭的句子。
c. 選項 (A) 以連接詞 so 開頭,可連接前後兩句;且選項中說為了維持身體健康,早點上床睡覺,還有在睡前關掉電視吧!語意連貫,呼應了前一句睡眠與食物對健康的相等重要性,故選 之。
大補丸:
a. keep in shape  保持身體健康;保持身材
例: Julie exercises at least three times a week in order to keep in shape.
(茱莉每星期至少運動 3 次,以保持身材。)
b. switch off/on...  關掉∕打開……的電源開關
= turn off/on...
例: Sandy forgot to switch off the lights before she went to bed.
(珊蒂上床睡覺前忘了關燈。)
c. fall asleep  睡著
精解字詞片語 


1. It is estimated + that 子句  據估計……
例: It is estimated that 200 people were killed in the plane crash.
(據估計有 200 人在這場空難中喪生。)

2. keep sb/sth from V-ing  阻止某人∕某物……
例: The bandage on the dog's leg kept him from licking his wound.
(那隻小狗腿上的繃帶使牠無法舔牠的傷口。)

3. recommend vt. 建議;推薦
例: Anna recommended naming my unborn child Annie.
(安娜建議我把肚子裡的小寶寶取名叫安妮。)

4. lead to + N/V-ing  導致∕造成……
例: Being too subjective can lead to misjudgment.
(太過主觀會導致誤判。)

5. interfere vi. 妨礙;干擾
interfere with...  妨礙……;干擾……
例: The company's financial problems are interfering with its plans for expansion.
(該公司的財務問題妨礙了它擴大經營的計劃。)

6. tend to V  易於∕往往會……;有……的傾向
例: Andy tends to blink constantly when telling a lie.
(安迪說謊時往往會一直眨眼睛。)

7. boost n. & vt. 促進,推動
例: That gasoline additive has boosted my car's performance.
(那種汽油添加劑提高了我車子的性能。)
單字小舖 


1. junk food   垃圾食物
junk n. 垃圾;無用的廢物(集合名詞,不可數)
2. gadget n. 器具;小玩意
3. stereo n. 立體音響
4. equipment n. 設備,配備(不可數)
5. concentration n. 專心,專注
6. proper a. 適當的
7. appetite n. 食慾,胃口
8. sugary a. 含糖的
9. balanced a. 均衡的
中文翻譯&標準答案 


時下許多青少年房間裡都會有電器用品。在英國,估計有百分之九十五的青少年房裡至少都有電話、電視或音響,但大多數人擁有的則更多。所有這些設備造成了一 項新的健康問題――垃圾睡眠。
  最近一項調查顯示這些電器常會妨礙青少年的睡眠。根據這項調查,百分之三十的青少年表示他們會熬夜看電視或講電話。因此,他們的睡眠時間通常只有 4 到 6 個小時,比起醫師建議的 8 到 9 小時少了很多。再者,許多人承認他們睡覺前會忘了關電視或是音響,所以這些設備不間斷的噪音就會影響到他們的睡眠。醫師相信這可能會成為重大的問題。有足 夠的睡眠是很重要的,尤其是對青少年而言。睡眠不足會造成心情不佳和專注力不足,甚至還會阻礙腦部的適當發展。此外,睡眠不足與體重增加似乎也有所關聯。 幾份科學研究都發現如果人們睡覺的時間比應該要有的時間短,他們的大腦也就無法控制食慾,所以容易吃得比較多。此外,他們往往在愛睏時會吃含糖的高能量食 品以迅速提升精力。因此,睡眠不足的年輕人或中年人比起那些睡眠充分的人更容易有肥胖的風險。
  基於以上理由,充分睡眠就跟運動和飲食均衡一樣對人體健康都很重要。每個人都知道垃圾食物不好,所以為了維持身體健康,早點上床睡覺,還有在睡前關掉 電視吧!

標準答案: 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (E) 5. (A)



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