A Foreign Foreign Accent 外國口音綜合症:聲音也會被







by Rebecca A. Fratzke
Is it true that people sometimes have no control over their own voices?

  It is the combination of many things that make each one of us who we are, including the way we walk and the way we hold chopsticks or tableware. _(1)_ When we make a phone call, our friends and family can usually recognize our voices on the line right away. Our voices are ours alone and unlike anyone else's in the world. That being said, what if our voices change? This does not refer to the change everyone, especially young men, go through during puberty. _(2)_
  Trauma to the left side of the brain, where the speech center is, can cause a person to pronounce sounds and words differently. _(3)_ Or they may pronounce Ws as Vs, which is common in German and Swedish. It does not affect everyone in the same way, though. _(4)_
  There are other effects as well. Life can be quite traumatic for people with FAS because they feel out of place and are treated differently by others. _(5)_ Even so, those dealing with FAS happily agree that while it has its drawbacks, a foreign accent is a much better outcome than the other possible results of brain injuries.

(A) Instead, it refers to a rare disorder caused by a brain injury—foreign accent syndrome (FAS).
(B) Some sufferers only experience FAS for a short time, while others have to deal with the condition permanently.
(C) For example, someone may start to roll their Rs, which is a trademark sound for Russian and Spanish accents.
(D) Having to explain the condition to strangers who curiously ask where the sufferer is from and being judged as faking the accent can be a real nuisance.
(E) In addition, along with our physical appearance, one of the first traits people notice is the sound of our voices.
原來如此 


1. 第一題空格應選 (E)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,眾多事物的結合造就每個人的特色,其中包括走路和拿筷子或餐具的方式。
b. (E) 選項的句子提到,此外,除了外貌,人們注意他人的第 1 個特徵之一便是聲音,補充說明前面第一句話,且前後語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. along with...  連同……一起
例: Jeff, along with David and Steve, will be going swimming tomorrow.
(傑夫,還有大衛和史提夫,明天會一起去游泳。)
b. trait n. 特徵
c. notice vt. 注意到,看到
例: Have you noticed that Ted has been a little strange lately?
(你有注意到泰德最近有點怪怪的嗎?)

2. 第二題空格應選 (A)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,這指的不是每個人,尤其不是年輕男性在青春期經歷的變聲,推測下一句要說明所指為何。
b. (A) 選項的句子提到,而這是指『外國口音綜合症』(FAS),一種因為腦部受傷造成的罕見語言失調,符合推測,且前後語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. refer to...  指的是……
例: The word birdbrain refers to a stupid person.
(birdbrain 一字指的是蠢蛋。)
b. disorder n. 失調;(身心的)不適
c. injury n. 傷害
d. accent n. 口音;腔調
e. syndrome n. 綜合症,症候群

3. 第三題空格應選 (C)
理由:
a. 空格前一句說,掌管語言的左腦若受到損傷,會導致一個人用不同的方式發字母和單字的音,推測空格會進一步說明這是什麼情況。
b. (C) 選項的句子舉例說,有人可能會開始將 R 音發成顫音,而這是俄國腔或西班牙腔的特殊發音,符合推測,且前後語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. roll vt. 發(捲舌音或顫音);滾動
b. trademark n. 特徵,標記;商標

4. 第四題空格應選 (B)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,FAS 影響每個人的方式不盡相同。
b. (B) 選項的句子說,有些患者只會短暫經歷這個症狀,但有些人則必須永久和它共處,說明了 FAS 影響每個人的不同方式,語意連貫,故選之。
大補丸:
a. some...others...  一些……另一些……(用於非限定的兩個群體)
例: Some of the students went outside during the break; others stayed in the classroom.
(下課時有些學生到教室外,有些則留在教室內。)
b. sufferer n. 患病者;受害者
c. deal with...  處理……;應付……
例: Josh was unable to deal with that difficult problem.
(喬許沒辦法處理那個困難的問題。)
d. permanently adv. 永久地
temporarily dv. 暫時地
例: Seeing too many violent movies may permanently harm children.
(觀看過多暴力電影可能對孩子造成永久的傷害。)

5. 第五題空格應選 (D)
理由:
a. 空格前一句提到,對於 FAS 患者來說,生活可能相當痛苦,因為他們覺得格格不入,還要受到他人的差別對待。
b. (D) 選項的句子提到,患者要對好奇詢問他們來自何處的陌生人解釋自己的情況,又要被認定假裝別種口音,這些對他們而言都是很討厭的一件事,說明了 FAS 患者為何覺得生活痛苦,故選之。
大補丸:
a. curiously adv. 好奇地
b. fake vt. 假裝;偽造
例: Billy faked an injury so he wouldn't have to finish the race.
(比利假裝受傷,如此就不必跑完賽跑。)
c. nuisance n. 令人討厭的人或物
例: Vicky thinks her little sister is a real nuisance at times.
(薇琪覺得她妹妹有時真的很討人厭。)
精解字詞片語 


1. recognize vt. 認出
例: I hardly recognized my old colleague after so many years.
(經過這麼多年,我幾乎認不出以前的同事。)

2. alone a. 僅僅,光是(置於名詞後作後位修飾)
例: The price of the dress alone is enough to discourage me from buying it.
(光是這件洋裝的價格,就足以讓我打消買下它的念頭。)

3. go through...  經歷……
例: Jim went through a series of interviews before being offered the job.
(吉姆經過一連串的面試才得到那份工作。)

4. pronounce vt. 發……的音
pronunciation n. 發音
例: Please pronounce that word again. I didn't hear you clearly.
(請再發 1 次那個字的音。我沒聽清楚。)

5. affect vt. 影響
= influence vt.
例: Linda's lack of sleep affected her performance during the test.
(琳達睡眠不足,影響她在考試中的表現。)

6. out of place  格格不入的;不適當的
例: Michael felt out of place among all the girls in the dance class.
(麥可在一整班都是女生的舞蹈課中感到很不自在。)

7. outcome n. 結果
例: The outcome of the experiment was not what the scientist was originally expecting.
(這項實驗的結果跟該科學家原本期望的不一樣。)
單字小舖 


1. chopstick n. 筷子
a pair of chopsticks  一雙筷子
2. tableware n. 餐具(集合名詞,不可數)
3. puberty n. 青春期
4. trauma n. 損傷,外傷;(心理)創傷
5. traumatic a. 痛苦難忘的;造成創傷的
6. drawback n. 缺點
片語小舖 


1. on the line  在電話中,在電話線上
2. right away  馬上,立刻
3. That being said, S + V  話雖如此,……
中文翻譯&標準答案 


外國口音綜合症:聲音也會被掉包
人們是否有時也無法掌控自己的聲音?
  眾多事物的結合造就每個人的特色,其中包括走路和拿筷子或餐具的方式。此外,除了外貌,人們注意他人的第 1 個特徵之一便是聲音。打電話時,朋友和家人通常在電話中能馬上認出我們的聲音。每個人的聲音僅為個人擁有,與世界上其他任何人的都不同。話雖如此,倘若聲 音改變了怎麼辦?這指的不是每個人,尤其不是年輕男性在青春期經歷的變聲,而是指『外國口音綜合症』(FAS),一種因為腦部受傷造成的罕見語言失調。
  掌管語言的左腦若受到損傷,會導致一個人用不同的方式發聲和發單字的音。例如,有人可能會開始將 R 音發成顫音,而這是俄國腔或西班牙腔的特殊發音。或者有人會把 W 音發成 V 音,而這在德文和瑞典文中則很普遍。不過,FAS 影響每個人的方式不盡相同。有些患者只會短暫經歷這種症狀,但有些人則必須永久和它共處。
  這當中也有其他的影響。對 FAS 患者來說,生活可能相當痛苦,因為他們覺得格格不入,還要受到他人的差別對待。患者要對好奇詢問他們來自何處的陌生人解釋自己的症狀,又要被認定假裝別種 口音,這些對他們而言都是很討厭的一件事。即使如此,FAS 患者高興地同意,雖然外國口音有其缺點,但比起腦部傷害造成的其他可能症狀,它已算不幸中的大幸。

答案:1. (E) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (D)


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