"I came, I saw, I conquered."
『我來,我見,我征服。』
Julius Caesar was the most famous leader of Rome when it was the world's only
superpower. As a
consul, the highest political official in the Roman
Republic, he _(1)_ power with two men, Pompeius Magnus (Pompey) and Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Caesar spent a lot of his time in wars _(2)_ the Roman Republic across France, Belgium, and Britain.
Though publicly friends, both Caesar and Pompey knew their differences would drive them _(3)_. Fearing Caesar's wealth and
loyal armies, Pompey and the
Senate denied his
attempt to
renew his _(4)_ as consul. Without his
consulship, Caesar knew he would eventually be
pushed aside politically. In 49 BC, Caesar led his army across the Rubicon River and started a
civil war.
Caesar took the city of Rome without _(5)_, and
chased the armies of the Senate and Pompey across Italy and into Greece. There, Caesar's army was _(6)_ and fought with only one man for every two of Pompey's. After this
victory, Caesar
rendered the Senate powerless and named himself
dictator _(7)_. His decisions for Rome were generally considered both wise and
far-sighted, but he began to act more like a king. After _(8)_ for more than four years, he was
assassinated by members of the Senate, who hoped his death would return the rule to them.
Their act failed, and after another civil war, Caesar's
heir, Gaius Octavianus, declared himself Emperor and changed the Roman Republic _(9)_ the Roman Empire. In 42 BC, two years after his
assassination, the Senate officially declared Caesar one of the Roman gods. The month of July
was named after Julius Caesar _(10)_ his changes to the
calendar. To this day, Caesar remains remembered as one of the greatest leaders the world has ever known.
(A) ruling (B) shared (C) into (D) because of (E) position (F) to expand (G) opposition (H) apart (I) for life (J) outnumbered