第五篇 動 詞
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第八章 直接敘述與間接敘述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)
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二、間接敘述 (Indirect Speech or Reported Speech)
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1.
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間接敘述的定義:
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2.
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直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時,連接詞之使用:
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3.
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引述動詞之使用及其位置:
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4.
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疑問句在間接敘述與直接敘述裡字序之不同:
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5.
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直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時,人稱代名詞之改變:
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6.
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直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時,this 和 these 之改變:
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7.
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直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時,時間副詞與地方副詞之改變:
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8.
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直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時,動詞的時態之變與不變:
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•
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續 上 期
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9.
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引述動詞是過去式時,助動詞之變與不變:
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1.
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原則上由現在式改為過去式。 如:
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(1)
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直:
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He said, “I don't mind what you do.” (他說,“你〔將〕怎麼做我都不介意。”)
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“I don't mind” 之後常用現在式來表示未來的含義。
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間:
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He said he didn't mind what I did. (他說我怎麼做他都不介意。)
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(2)
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直:
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He said, “I may be late.” (他說,“我可能會遲到。”)
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間:
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He explained that he might be late.” (他說明他可能會遲到。)
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(3)
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直:
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He said, “I can lend you $100 till Saturday, if that will help.” (他說, “我能借給你一百元用到星期六,如果這樣會有幫助的話。”)
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間:
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He told me that he could lend me $100 till Saturday, if that would help.(他告訴我他願意借給我一百元用到星期六,如果這樣會有幫助的話。)
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2.
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若直接敍述裡所談的到現在引述時仍然是事實,間接敍述裡仍用現在式。 如:
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(1)
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直:
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He said, “We cannot live without water.” (他說,“如果沒有水我們就不能生存。”)
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間:
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He said we cannot live without water. (他說如果沒有水我們就不能生存。)
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(2)
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直:
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He said, “If you put a match to it, real amber won't melt, but imitation will.” (他說,“假如你點一根火柴燒燒看,真的琥珀不會熔化,但是假的會。”
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間:
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He said if I put a match to it, real amber won't melt, but imitation will. (他說如果我點一根火柴燒燒看,真的琥珀不會熔化,但是假的會。)
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直:
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“My husband will sit by himself for hours without saying a word,” said Mrs. Lee this morning. (李太太今天早晨說, “我先生時常一個人一坐就是幾個小時一句話也不說。”)
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間:
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Mrs. Lee said this morning that her husband will sit by himself without saying a word. (李太太今天早晨說她的先生時常一個人一坐就是幾個小時一句話也不說。)
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Constant dropping wears away a stone.
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from 賀氏英文法全書
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