Luis國際資訊事務所

by Owain Mckimm
Many people do the wrong thing when they are trying to be healthy.

　　Vitamins, which maintain and facilitate the body's various functions, are an essential part of our diet. Many people take vitamin supplements to guarantee them the _(1)_ daily allowance. However, recent studies have suggested that people who take vitamin supplements may be getting too much of a good thing.
　　Many of the foods we eat already have vitamins _(2)_ added to them. People drinking a glass of orange juice may think that they're only getting a dose of vitamin C. In fact, they are also getting added calcium and vitamin D. Breakfast cereal alone provides more than half a person's daily allowance of some vitamins. _(3)_ these levels with supplements can cause some nasty side effects.
　　According to the Office of Dietary Supplements in the US, too much vitamin A can cause headaches and affect bone strength. Too much iron can affect the liver and _(4)_ unpleasant vomiting. Vitamin supplements are not _(5)_ the same rigorous tests as medicine, which makes knowing what's really in them problematic. Besides, they are not tested for safety or effectiveness because they are not considered a _(6)_ for disease.
　　If you feel that you must take vitamin supplements, nutritionists suggest taking them in _(7)_ doses. This means that if you take a calcium pill, you shouldn't drink too much milk. They also advise against excessive intake, such as eating three energy bars for breakfast and then taking a dose of vitamin A. If your diet is relatively balanced, chances are you are already OK where vitamins are concerned.

1. (A) informed　　(B) civilized　　(C) unexpected　　(D) recommended
2. (A) statistically　　(B) officially　　(C) artificially　　(D) punctually
3. (A) Prolonging　　(B) Boosting　　(C) Decreasing　　(D) Submitting
4. (A) consist of　　(B) apply to　　(C) depend on　　(D) result in
5. (A) subject to　　(B) anxious about　　(C) capable of　　(D) lacking in
6. (A) strategy　　(B) belief　　(C) treatment　　(D) consumption
7. (A) ridiculous　　(B) sensible　　(C) portable　　(D) frequent

1. Many people take vitamin supplements to guarantee them the recommended daily allowance.
理由:
a. (A) informed a. 見多識廣的；消息靈通的
According to an informed source, the movie star will stay at the luxurious W Hotel when he visits Taiwan.
根據消息靈通人士指出，這位影星來台訪問時會下榻那家豪華的 W 飯店。）
(B) civilized a. 文明的
(C) unexpected a. 意想不到的
My father-in-law's unexpected visit threw my life into chaos.
我岳父出其不意來訪打亂了我的生活步調。
(D) recommended a. 建議的
It is important to take only the recommended dose of this medicine.
根據建議的劑量服用這種藥物是非常重要的。
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (D)。

2. Many of the foods we eat already have vitamins artificially added to them.
理由:
a. (A) statistically adv. 統計上
(B) officially adv. 正式地
(C) artificially adv. 人工地，人為地
The drink is artificially flavored to taste like grape juice.
這種飲料用人工調味，讓它喝起來像葡萄汁。
(D) punctually adv. 準時地
Darren always arrives punctually, so you can't be late.
戴倫向來準時抵達，所以你不能遲到。
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (C)。

3. Boosting these levels with supplements can cause some nasty side effects.
理由:
a. (A) prolong vt. 延長；拖延
I decided to prolong my stay in Tokyo by three weeks.
我決定在東京多停留 3 個星期。
(B) boost vt. 提高，增加
Bill drinks coffee in the morning to boost his energy.
比爾早上都要喝咖啡來提振精神。
(C) decrease vt. 減少，減小
(D) submit vt. 提交，呈遞
submit A to B　　將 A 呈交∕給 B
Please submit your application to the registration office by the 25th of March.
請在 3 月 25 號之前將申請表交給登記處。
b. 根據語意用法，可知應選 (B)。

4. Too much iron can affect the liver and result in unpleasant vomiting.
理由:
a. (A) consist of...　　由……組成；包括……
This drink consists of apple juice mixed with yogurt.
這杯飲料是用蘋果汁混合優格打成的。
(B) apply to...　　適用於……；向……提出申請
These new regulations apply to everyone in the office.
這些新規定適用於辦公室裡的每個人。
(C) depend on...　　依靠……；視……而定
Barry had to depend on the MRT to go to work after he sold his car.
貝瑞把車賣掉後，必須靠搭捷運上班。
Our plans for the weekend depend on the weather.
我們的週末計劃視天氣而定。
(D) result in...　　導致∕造成……
The terrorist attack resulted in tighter security measures at US airports.
那起恐怖攻擊事件導致美國各機場採取更嚴格的安檢措施。
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (D)。

5. Vitamin supplements are not subject to the same rigorous tests as medicine, which makes knowing what's really in them problematic.
理由:
a. (A) be subject to...　　勢必遭受……的
If you are caught eating on the subway, you will be subject to a fine of at least NT$5,000.
假如被抓到在地鐵上飲食，會被處以至少 5 千元台幣的罰金。
(B) be anxious about...　　對……感到焦慮∕緊張
Julie is anxious about her audition tomorrow.
茱莉對她明天的試鏡感到很緊張。
(C) be capable of + N/V-ing　　能夠……
Are you capable of dealing with the problem by yourself?
你有辦法自己處理這個問題嗎？
(D) be lacking in...　　缺乏……
lacking a. 不足的，缺少的
Some people are totally lacking in common sense.
有些人簡直是缺乏常識。
b. 根據語意，可知 (A) 應為正選。

6. Besides, they are not tested for safety or effectiveness because they are not considered a treatment for disease.
理由:
a. (A) strategy n. 策略
(B) belief n. 信仰；信念
Although he's under a lot of pressure, Bill has stuck to his belief.
雖然承受巨大壓力，比爾仍堅守自己的信念。
(C) treatment n. 治療法
This new drug is effective in the treatment of high blood pressure.
這種新藥對治療高血壓很有效。
(D) consumption n. 消耗；消費
This car's fuel consumption is very low.
這輛車不會很耗油。
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (C)。

7. If you feel that you must take vitamin supplements, nutritionists suggest taking them in sensible doses.
理由:
a. (A) ridiculous a. 可笑的；荒謬的
Roger looks ridiculous wearing that yellow hat.
羅傑戴那頂黃色的帽子看起來很可笑。
(B) sensible a. 合理的；明智的
Be sensible and don't talk back to your teacher.
放聰明點，不要跟你的老師頂嘴。
(C) portable a. 便於攜帶的；手提式的
The equipment is lightweight, portable, and easy to use.
這項設備輕巧、便於攜帶，而且容易使用。
(D) frequent a. 頻繁的
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (B)。

1. facilitate vt. 促進，幫助
The new policies are expected to facilitate economic growth.
這些新的政策預期會帶動經濟成長。

2. essential a. 必要的，不可或缺的
be essential to...　　對……極為重要∕不可或缺
Water is essential to the survival of all living creatures.
水對所有生物的存活都是不可或缺的。

3. guarantee vt. 保證，擔保 & n. 保證書；擔保品
guarantee sb sth　　保證某人會有某事物
Graduating from a university doesn't guarantee you a job nowadays.
現今從大學畢業並不一定保證你能找到工作。

4. suggest vt. 顯示；建議
suggest + (that) 子句　　顯示∕建議……
suggest + V-ing　　建議（做）……
All the clues suggest that Kent stole the money.
所有的線索都顯示肯特偷了錢。
My teacher suggested reading English newspapers to enhance my vocabulary.
我的老師建議閱讀英文報紙來增加字彙量。

5. be added to...　　增添到……中
Sliced carrots were added to the vegetable soup.
這個蔬菜湯加入了紅蘿蔔切片。

6. side effect n. 副作用
Headaches are one of the side effects of this medicine.
這種藥的副作用之一是會造成頭痛。

7. vomit vi. 嘔吐
= throw up
I vomited when I smelled the stinky tofu.
我聞到臭豆腐的味道時吐了出來。

8. effectiveness n. 效用；效力
effective a. 有效的
be effective in + V-ing　　在……上是有效的
This spray is effective in repelling mosquitoes.
這罐噴劑驅蚊很有效。
＊repel vt. 驅除

9. advise (sb) against...
建議∕勸告（某人）不要……
advise vt. 建議；勸告
I advise you against seeing that movie because it is quite boring.
我勸你不要去看那部電影，因為它挺無聊的。

10. excessive a. 過量的；過度的
Excessive exercise is not beneficial to your health.
運動過度對健康無益。

11. relatively adv. 相當地；相對地
These instructions are relatively easy to understand.
這些使用說明相當容易了解。

12. chances are + (that) 子句　　可能……
= it is likely + (that) 子句
If you do well in school, chances are that you'll get into a good college.
如果你在校成績良好，就有可能進入好大學。

1. vitamin n. 維他命；維生素
2. function n. 功能
3. supplement n. 補給品
4. allowance n. 允許量，限額
5. dose n. 劑量；一劑
6. calcium n. 鈣
7. cereal n.（常與牛奶一起食用、做為早餐的）榖類食品
8. nasty a. 嚴重的
9. dietary a. 飲食的
10. strength n. 強度；力量
11. liver n. 肝臟
12. unpleasant a. 使人不舒服∕不愉快的
13. rigorous a. 嚴格的
= strict a.
14. problematic a. 有問題的
15. nutritionist n. 營養學家
16. intake n. 攝取量
17. energy bar n. 能量棒（運動時或平日補充能量的食品）

服用維他命有撇步
很多人都用錯誤的方式追求健康。
　　維生素維持且促進身體的各種機能，是飲食中不可或缺的部分。許多人服用維他命補充品，以確保達到每日建議攝取量。然而，近來研究顯示，服用這些補充品的人可能攝取過量的維生素。
　　我們所吃的食物當中，很多已經含有人工添加的維生素。喝下 1 杯柳橙汁的人可能認為他們只攝取到維生素 C。事實上，他們也獲得額外添加的鈣質和維生素 D。光是早餐吃的穀類食品就提供某些維生素一半以上的每人每日攝取量。因此，服用補充品增加攝取量可能造成一些嚴重的副作用。
　　根據美國膳食補充品辦公處的說法，過量的維生素 A 可能引發頭痛並影響骨骼強度。過量的鐵質則可能影響肝臟和導致令人難受的嘔吐。維他命補充品不同於藥品，不會接受相同嚴格測試的管制，這讓了解維他命的真 實成分顯得困難重重。由於它們不被視為疾病的治療方法，所以也不會經過安全和效用的檢測。
　　倘若你覺得一定要吃維他命補充品，營養學家建議攝取合理的劑量。這表示假如吃了 1 粒鈣片，就不要喝太多牛奶。他們也建議不要過量攝取，像是吃了 3 條能量棒當早餐後，再吃 1 劑維生素 A。如果你的飲食相當均衡，可能就不用擔心維生素攝取的問題了。

答案：1. (D)　2. (C)　3. (B)　4. (D)　5. (A)　6. (C)　7. (B)