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Big Vikings and Little Mermaids 美人魚的故鄉
by Jeremy Beacock
For a small country, Denmark has had a big influence on the world.
丹麥這個國家雖小，卻影響力十足。
The small European kingdom of Denmark has a population of only 5 million, but it has a long and influential history. Denmark is made up of a large peninsula and a group of islands _(1)_ in the northeastern seas of Europe. Its people have always been skilled sailors and fishermen, and this strong _(2)_ with the sea was the source of Denmark's early power.
Early on, Denmark was home to Europe's most feared pirates—the Vikings. These fierce seamen would farm and fish in the winter before _(3)_ in their longboats to hunt along the shores of Europe in the summer. They fought and traded as far away as Egypt and Russia, and even sailed thousands of miles to settle in North America. Gradually, however, the pagan traditions of the Vikings were _(4)_ by Christianity, and the warrior chiefs became kings and lords. Denmark had joined the rest of European civilization, and its sailors were no longer terrors on the coast.
_(5)_ the Vikings had brought fire and the sword to the mainland, Denmark's most famous citizen, Hans Christian Andersen, brought joy. Born in 1805, Hans Christian Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales, _(6)_ The Ugly Duckling, The Emperor's New Clothes, and The Little Mermaid. These stories are still told all over the world, further than the Vikings ever sailed.
Nowadays, Denmark is a peaceful country. Its fearsome Vikings no longer pose a threat _(7)_ the rest of Europe. Instead, tourists come to the beautiful capital, Copenhagen, to see its historic buildings, as well as a cute attraction—a statue of the Little Mermaid.
1. (A) locating(B) located (C) which locate (D) to locate
2. (A) occupation (B) admission(C) permission(D) connection
3. (A) getting off (B) passing out (C) setting off (D) dropping out
4. (A) reminded(B) replaced (C) recalled (D) removed
5. (A) While(B) Unless(C) Since (D) Whether
6. (A) providing (B) regarding(C) considering(D) including
7. (A) in (B) for (C) to (D) with
by Jeremy Beacock
For a small country, Denmark has had a big influence on the world.
丹麥這個國家雖小，卻影響力十足。
The small European kingdom of Denmark has a population of only 5 million, but it has a long and influential history. Denmark is made up of a large peninsula and a group of islands _(1)_ in the northeastern seas of Europe. Its people have always been skilled sailors and fishermen, and this strong _(2)_ with the sea was the source of Denmark's early power.
Early on, Denmark was home to Europe's most feared pirates—the Vikings. These fierce seamen would farm and fish in the winter before _(3)_ in their longboats to hunt along the shores of Europe in the summer. They fought and traded as far away as Egypt and Russia, and even sailed thousands of miles to settle in North America. Gradually, however, the pagan traditions of the Vikings were _(4)_ by Christianity, and the warrior chiefs became kings and lords. Denmark had joined the rest of European civilization, and its sailors were no longer terrors on the coast.
_(5)_ the Vikings had brought fire and the sword to the mainland, Denmark's most famous citizen, Hans Christian Andersen, brought joy. Born in 1805, Hans Christian Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales, _(6)_ The Ugly Duckling, The Emperor's New Clothes, and The Little Mermaid. These stories are still told all over the world, further than the Vikings ever sailed.
Nowadays, Denmark is a peaceful country. Its fearsome Vikings no longer pose a threat _(7)_ the rest of Europe. Instead, tourists come to the beautiful capital, Copenhagen, to see its historic buildings, as well as a cute attraction—a statue of the Little Mermaid.
1. (A) locating(B) located (C) which locate (D) to locate
2. (A) occupation (B) admission(C) permission(D) connection
3. (A) getting off (B) passing out (C) setting off (D) dropping out
4. (A) reminded(B) replaced (C) recalled (D) removed
5. (A) While(B) Unless(C) Since (D) Whether
6. (A) providing (B) regarding(C) considering(D) including
7. (A) in (B) for (C) to (D) with
丹麥這個位於歐洲的小王國只有 5 百萬人口，但她的歷史卻十分悠久且影響力十足。丹麥是由一座大半島以及位於歐洲東北海域的一群小島所組成的國家。其人民一直是航海技術豐富的水手和漁民，而和海洋的密切關聯造就了丹麥早期的強大勢力。
早期，丹麥只是維京人聚集的地方，他們是歐洲令人聞風喪膽的海盜。這些兇惡的水手在冬季時耕種以及捕魚，然後在夏季駕著大船出航，在歐洲沿岸打家劫舍。他 們征戰和貿易的路線最遠曾到達埃及和俄羅斯，甚至航行到幾千哩遠的北美洲定居。然而，維京人的異教傳統漸漸被基督教取代，而這些戰士的首領也搖身一變，成 為國王或領主。丹麥跟上歐洲其他地方的腳步，成為歐洲文明世界的一份子，歐陸沿岸的人也不再聞維京水手而色變了。
雖然維京人在歐陸上燒殺擄掠，但是漢斯‧克利斯坦‧安徒生這位丹麥最響叮噹的人物卻帶來了歡樂。他出生於西元 1805 年，創作出許多著名的童話故事，其中包括《醜小鴨》、《國王的新衣》和《小美人魚》等。這些故事仍在全世界流傳，其足跡遠比維京人當初所到之處來得更遙 遠。
丹麥現在是個愛好和平的國家。曾經令人聞風喪膽的維京人已不再對歐洲其他地區造成威脅。相反地，遊客來到哥本哈根這個美麗的首都時，都要一睹這裡具有歷史意義的建築，以及另一個可愛的景點──小美人魚銅像。
標準答案: 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (C)
1. influential a. 有影響力的
例: Mr. Casey is a very influential teacher at our school.
（凱西先生是我們學校非常有影響力的一位老師。）
2. be made up of... 由……組成
= be composed of...
= consists of...
例: This rock is made up of granite, among other things.
（這塊岩石是由花崗岩和其他物質所構成。）
＊ granite n. 花崗岩
3. be home to... 是……的家園；是……的所在地
例: Wall Street is home to America's biggest financial companies.
（華爾街是全美國最大金融公司聚集的所在地。）
4. settle vi. 安頓；定居
settle down 安頓下來，安定下來
例: My parents decided to settle down in a small town after they retired.
（我的雙親退休後想在一座小鎮定居。）
5. no longer... 不再……
= not...any longer
= not...anymore
例: Sarah said she would no longer go out with Zack.
（莎拉說她再也不會和賽克出去了。）
6. instead adv. 反而，卻
例: Don't turn down Bay Street. Instead, keep on going in this direction.
（不要在海灣大道迴轉。你應該朝這方向繼續開下去。）
7. historic a. 有歷史意義的
historical a. 有關歷史的
例: This book is about historic events in Russia.
（這本書記載俄羅斯歷史上的重要事件。）
例: There is a lot of interesting historical information about this building.
（這座建築物有許多有趣的歷史資料。）
8. as well as... 以及……
例: Mike is raising two children as well as supporting his parents.
（麥克不但要扶養 2 個小孩，還要奉養雙親。）
1. mermaid n. 美人魚
2. population n. 人口（集合名詞）
3. peninsula n. 半島
4. skilled a. 熟練的
5. pirate n. 海盜
6. fierce a. 兇猛的；殘酷的
7. longboat n. 大船
8. trade vi. 做買賣；進行交易
9. gradually adv. 逐漸地
10. pagan a. 異教的 & n. 異教徒
11. Christianity n. 基督教
12. civilization n. 文明
13. mainland n. 大陸（本文中指歐洲大陸）
14. fairy tale n. 童話故事
15. fearsome a. 可怕的
16. capital n. 首都
17. attraction n. 吸引人的事物；吸引力
18. statue n. 雕像
＊ early on 在早期
from 常春藤解析英語 ( HTML 圖文版 )
早期，丹麥只是維京人聚集的地方，他們是歐洲令人聞風喪膽的海盜。這些兇惡的水手在冬季時耕種以及捕魚，然後在夏季駕著大船出航，在歐洲沿岸打家劫舍。他 們征戰和貿易的路線最遠曾到達埃及和俄羅斯，甚至航行到幾千哩遠的北美洲定居。然而，維京人的異教傳統漸漸被基督教取代，而這些戰士的首領也搖身一變，成 為國王或領主。丹麥跟上歐洲其他地方的腳步，成為歐洲文明世界的一份子，歐陸沿岸的人也不再聞維京水手而色變了。
雖然維京人在歐陸上燒殺擄掠，但是漢斯‧克利斯坦‧安徒生這位丹麥最響叮噹的人物卻帶來了歡樂。他出生於西元 1805 年，創作出許多著名的童話故事，其中包括《醜小鴨》、《國王的新衣》和《小美人魚》等。這些故事仍在全世界流傳，其足跡遠比維京人當初所到之處來得更遙 遠。
丹麥現在是個愛好和平的國家。曾經令人聞風喪膽的維京人已不再對歐洲其他地區造成威脅。相反地，遊客來到哥本哈根這個美麗的首都時，都要一睹這裡具有歷史意義的建築，以及另一個可愛的景點──小美人魚銅像。
標準答案: 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (C)
1. Denmark is made up of a large peninsula and a group of islands located in the northeastern seas of Europe.
理由:
a. locate vt. 使座落於（常用被動）
be located in + 大地方或區域/at + 小地方
= be situated in + 大地方或區域/at + 小地方 位於……，座落在……
例: Hawaii is located right in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
（夏威夷位於太平洋的正中央。）
b. 本句原為：
Denmark is made up of a large peninsula and a group of islands which are located in the northeastern seas of Europe.
c. 原句中的形容詞子句 "which are located in the northeastern seas of Europe" 可化簡為分詞片語，即：省略關係代名詞 which，其後的 be 動詞 are 變成現在分詞 being 後予以省略，即成 "located in the northeastern seas of Europe"，故選 (B)。但 (C) 若改為 which are located 則亦可選。
2. Its people have always been skilled sailors and fishermen, and this strong connection with the sea was the source of Denmark's early power.
理由:
a.
(A) occupation n. 工作，職業
(B) admission n. 進入許可；門票
(C) permission n. 允許
without one's permission 未經某人允許
例: Tom used my computer without my permission.
（湯姆未經我的允許就用了我的電腦。）
(D) connection n. 關係，關聯（常與介詞 with 並用）
例: The evidence shows that he has no connection with the murder.
（種種證據顯示他和這起謀殺案無關。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 connection，表和海洋的密切『關聯』造就了丹麥早期的強大勢力，故選 (D)。
3. These fierce seamen would farm and fish in the winter before setting off in their longboats to hunt along the shores of Europe in the summer.
理由:
a.
(A) get off/on (...) 下∕上（……）大型交通工具
(B) pass out 昏倒（= faint）
(C) set off 出發，啟程（= set out）
例: Teresa will set out on her journey to India next Wednesday.
（泰瑞莎下週三將展開她的印度之旅。）
(D) drop out (of...) 退出（比賽、學業等）
例: If you drop out of school, your parents will be upset.
（你要是輟學的話，你爸媽會很不高興。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 setting off，表在夏季駕著大船『出航』，故選 (C)。
4. Gradually, however, the pagan traditions of the Vikings were replaced by Christianity, and the warrior chiefs became kings and lords.
理由:
a.
(A) remind vt. 使想起；提醒
remind sb of sth 令某人想到某事物
例: The song reminds me of the happy days I had in my childhood.
（那首歌使我想起童年的快樂時光。）
(B) replace vt. 取代
be placed by... 被……取代
replace A with B 用 B 取代 A
例: The dentist replaced my bad tooth with an artificial one.
（牙醫拔掉我那顆爛牙並裝上假牙。）
(C) recall vt. 回想
(D) remove vt. 移動；移除
remove A from B 把 A 從 B 中移除
例: My mother expertly removed the stain from my shirt.
（母親很巧妙地清除了我襯衫上的污垢。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 replaced，表維京人的異教傳統漸漸被基督教『取代』，故選 (B)。
5. While the Vikings had brought fire and the sword to the mainland, Denmark's most famous citizen, Hans Christian Andersen, brought joy.
理由:
a.
(A) while conj. 雖然
注意:
while 表『雖然』時，即等於 although 或 though，其所引導的副詞子句通常置於句首，之後加逗點，再接主要子句。
例: While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
（雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色，卻不喜歡它的樣式。）
(B) unless conj. 除非
(C) since conj. 既然，因為
(D) whether conj. 是否
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (A) While，表『雖然』維京人在歐陸上燒殺擄掠，但安徒生這位丹麥最響叮噹的人物卻帶來了歡樂。
6. Born in 1805, Hans Christian Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales, including The Ugly Duckling, The Emperor's New Clothes, and The Little Mermaid.
理由:
a.
(A) providing conj. 如果（= if）
= provided conj.
例: We can go to Thailand next week providing/provided (that) airplane tickets are still available.
（要是機票還買得到的話，我們下週就可以去泰國了。）
(B) regarding prep. 關於
= concerning prep.
例: Judy always takes notice of news concerning her hometown.
（茱蒂總是會注意有關家鄉的消息。）
(C) considering prep. 考慮到，有鑒於
例: Considering his age, Mr. Chen is very active.
（就陳先生的年紀來說，他算是很活躍的了。）
(D) including prep. 包含
例: All the students are going bird-watching, including George.
（所有學生都要去賞鳥，包括喬治在內。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 including，表安徒生創作許多著名的童話故事，其中『包括』《醜小鴨》、《國王的新衣》和《小美人魚》等，故選 (D)。
7. Its fearsome Vikings no longer pose a threat to the rest of Europe.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定用法：
pose a threat to... 對……構成威脅
threat n. 威脅
例: The greenhouse effect poses a serious threat to the environment.
（溫室效應對環境構成很大的威脅。）
b. 根據上述，可知應選 (C) to。
理由:
a. locate vt. 使座落於（常用被動）
be located in + 大地方或區域/at + 小地方
= be situated in + 大地方或區域/at + 小地方 位於……，座落在……
例: Hawaii is located right in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
（夏威夷位於太平洋的正中央。）
b. 本句原為：
Denmark is made up of a large peninsula and a group of islands which are located in the northeastern seas of Europe.
c. 原句中的形容詞子句 "which are located in the northeastern seas of Europe" 可化簡為分詞片語，即：省略關係代名詞 which，其後的 be 動詞 are 變成現在分詞 being 後予以省略，即成 "located in the northeastern seas of Europe"，故選 (B)。但 (C) 若改為 which are located 則亦可選。
2. Its people have always been skilled sailors and fishermen, and this strong connection with the sea was the source of Denmark's early power.
理由:
a.
(A) occupation n. 工作，職業
(B) admission n. 進入許可；門票
(C) permission n. 允許
without one's permission 未經某人允許
例: Tom used my computer without my permission.
（湯姆未經我的允許就用了我的電腦。）
(D) connection n. 關係，關聯（常與介詞 with 並用）
例: The evidence shows that he has no connection with the murder.
（種種證據顯示他和這起謀殺案無關。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 connection，表和海洋的密切『關聯』造就了丹麥早期的強大勢力，故選 (D)。
3. These fierce seamen would farm and fish in the winter before setting off in their longboats to hunt along the shores of Europe in the summer.
理由:
a.
(A) get off/on (...) 下∕上（……）大型交通工具
(B) pass out 昏倒（= faint）
(C) set off 出發，啟程（= set out）
例: Teresa will set out on her journey to India next Wednesday.
（泰瑞莎下週三將展開她的印度之旅。）
(D) drop out (of...) 退出（比賽、學業等）
例: If you drop out of school, your parents will be upset.
（你要是輟學的話，你爸媽會很不高興。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 setting off，表在夏季駕著大船『出航』，故選 (C)。
4. Gradually, however, the pagan traditions of the Vikings were replaced by Christianity, and the warrior chiefs became kings and lords.
理由:
a.
(A) remind vt. 使想起；提醒
remind sb of sth 令某人想到某事物
例: The song reminds me of the happy days I had in my childhood.
（那首歌使我想起童年的快樂時光。）
(B) replace vt. 取代
be placed by... 被……取代
replace A with B 用 B 取代 A
例: The dentist replaced my bad tooth with an artificial one.
（牙醫拔掉我那顆爛牙並裝上假牙。）
(C) recall vt. 回想
(D) remove vt. 移動；移除
remove A from B 把 A 從 B 中移除
例: My mother expertly removed the stain from my shirt.
（母親很巧妙地清除了我襯衫上的污垢。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 replaced，表維京人的異教傳統漸漸被基督教『取代』，故選 (B)。
5. While the Vikings had brought fire and the sword to the mainland, Denmark's most famous citizen, Hans Christian Andersen, brought joy.
理由:
a.
(A) while conj. 雖然
注意:
while 表『雖然』時，即等於 although 或 though，其所引導的副詞子句通常置於句首，之後加逗點，再接主要子句。
例: While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
（雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色，卻不喜歡它的樣式。）
(B) unless conj. 除非
(C) since conj. 既然，因為
(D) whether conj. 是否
b. 根據語意，可知應選 (A) While，表『雖然』維京人在歐陸上燒殺擄掠，但安徒生這位丹麥最響叮噹的人物卻帶來了歡樂。
6. Born in 1805, Hans Christian Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales, including The Ugly Duckling, The Emperor's New Clothes, and The Little Mermaid.
理由:
a.
(A) providing conj. 如果（= if）
= provided conj.
例: We can go to Thailand next week providing/provided (that) airplane tickets are still available.
（要是機票還買得到的話，我們下週就可以去泰國了。）
(B) regarding prep. 關於
= concerning prep.
例: Judy always takes notice of news concerning her hometown.
（茱蒂總是會注意有關家鄉的消息。）
(C) considering prep. 考慮到，有鑒於
例: Considering his age, Mr. Chen is very active.
（就陳先生的年紀來說，他算是很活躍的了。）
(D) including prep. 包含
例: All the students are going bird-watching, including George.
（所有學生都要去賞鳥，包括喬治在內。）
b. 根據語意，可知應置入 including，表安徒生創作許多著名的童話故事，其中『包括』《醜小鴨》、《國王的新衣》和《小美人魚》等，故選 (D)。
7. Its fearsome Vikings no longer pose a threat to the rest of Europe.
理由:
a. 本空格測試下列固定用法：
pose a threat to... 對……構成威脅
threat n. 威脅
例: The greenhouse effect poses a serious threat to the environment.
（溫室效應對環境構成很大的威脅。）
b. 根據上述，可知應選 (C) to。
1. influential a. 有影響力的
例: Mr. Casey is a very influential teacher at our school.
（凱西先生是我們學校非常有影響力的一位老師。）
2. be made up of... 由……組成
= be composed of...
= consists of...
例: This rock is made up of granite, among other things.
（這塊岩石是由花崗岩和其他物質所構成。）
＊ granite n. 花崗岩
3. be home to... 是……的家園；是……的所在地
例: Wall Street is home to America's biggest financial companies.
（華爾街是全美國最大金融公司聚集的所在地。）
4. settle vi. 安頓；定居
settle down 安頓下來，安定下來
例: My parents decided to settle down in a small town after they retired.
（我的雙親退休後想在一座小鎮定居。）
5. no longer... 不再……
= not...any longer
= not...anymore
例: Sarah said she would no longer go out with Zack.
（莎拉說她再也不會和賽克出去了。）
6. instead adv. 反而，卻
例: Don't turn down Bay Street. Instead, keep on going in this direction.
（不要在海灣大道迴轉。你應該朝這方向繼續開下去。）
7. historic a. 有歷史意義的
historical a. 有關歷史的
例: This book is about historic events in Russia.
（這本書記載俄羅斯歷史上的重要事件。）
例: There is a lot of interesting historical information about this building.
（這座建築物有許多有趣的歷史資料。）
8. as well as... 以及……
例: Mike is raising two children as well as supporting his parents.
（麥克不但要扶養 2 個小孩，還要奉養雙親。）
1. mermaid n. 美人魚
2. population n. 人口（集合名詞）
3. peninsula n. 半島
4. skilled a. 熟練的
5. pirate n. 海盜
6. fierce a. 兇猛的；殘酷的
7. longboat n. 大船
8. trade vi. 做買賣；進行交易
9. gradually adv. 逐漸地
10. pagan a. 異教的 & n. 異教徒
11. Christianity n. 基督教
12. civilization n. 文明
13. mainland n. 大陸（本文中指歐洲大陸）
14. fairy tale n. 童話故事
15. fearsome a. 可怕的
16. capital n. 首都
17. attraction n. 吸引人的事物；吸引力
18. statue n. 雕像
＊ early on 在早期
from 常春藤解析英語 ( HTML 圖文版 )
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