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A Reason to Cross the Street 腳踏斑馬,行更安全





by Matthew Brown & Marcus Maurice

A zebra crossing is not only seen at the zoo.
斑馬的條紋可不只動物園才有。

  Anyone who has tried to cross the street in the middle of Taipei knows that it can be a frightening experience. It sometimes seems as if drivers believe pedestrians don't _(1)_ or as if they treat the whole city as one big racetrack. So how is a person supposed to get to the _(2)_ side of the street? One of the most common _(3)_ for cities around the world is the crosswalk. A crosswalk is a designated section of the street where pedestrians can safely cross at certain _(4)_ of time. Or at least that's the theory behind crosswalks. As you already know, if you've walked in Taipei, just because there's a crosswalk doesn't mean that cars will _(5)_ for you.
  Crosswalks are also known as zebra crossings because they are often _(6)_ by white stripes on the black surfaces of the road. Nowadays, though, many towns and cities are _(7)_ with cutting-edge zebra crossings to make them safer. In Auckland, New Zealand, having 38 serious crashes in crosswalks over a five-year period was deemed _(8)_ by the city council. They decided that a remedy would be a 12-month trial of adding motion-activated flashing light studs onto the roads near zebra crossings. This would encourage drivers to take more notice of walkers, especially when _(9)_ is poor because of rain or fog.
  In today's busy, _(10)_ cities, crosswalks can be a pedestrian's best friend, and technology can make zebra crossings even safer. But remember, the best way to avoid accidents is to follow the advice your parents gave you when you were younger—always look both ways before crossing the street.

(A) indicated (B) strategies (C) visibility (D) exist (E) slow down (F) opposite (G) unacceptable (H) intervals 
(I) bustling (J) experimenting
原來如此 


1.It sometimes seems as if drivers believe pedestrians don't exist or as if they treat the whole city as one big racetrack.
理由:
a.空格前有主詞 pedestrians(行人)和否定助動詞 don't,其後無受詞,可知空格內應置入原形的不及物動詞或不及物動詞片語。
b.符合上述的選項有 (D) exist(存在)和 (E) slow down(減速慢行),然僅 exist 置入後符合語意,表有時候你會覺得駕駛好像認為馬路上沒有行人的『存在』,故選 (D)。
c.exist vi. 存在
例: I don't believe that ghosts exist.
(我不相信有鬼。)

2.So how is a person supposed to get to the opposite side of the street?
理由:
a.空格前有定冠詞 the,空格後有名詞 side(邊),可知空格內應置入形容詞或可作形容詞的分詞。
b.符合上述的選項有 (F) opposite(對面的)、(G) unacceptable(不能接受的),以及 (I) bustling(熙攘的),然僅 opposite 置入後符合語意,the opposite side 表『另一邊、對面』,故選 (F)。
c.opposite a. 對面的,相反的
例: The bus stop is right on the opposite side of the street.
(公車站牌就在馬路的正對面。)

3.One of the most common strategies for cities around the world is the crosswalk.
理由:
a.空格前有 One of(……之一)和最高級形容詞 the most common(最普通的),可知空格內應置入複數名詞。
b.符合上述的選項有 (B) strategies(對策)和 (H) internals(間隔時間),然僅 strategies 置入後符合語意,表在世界各地的城市中,走行人穿越道是最常見的『對策』之一,故選 (B)。
c.strategy n. 對策;策略
例: Maggie described her new marketing strategy to the manager in detail.
(瑪姬詳細地把自己的新行銷策略敘述給經理聽。)

4.A crosswalk is a designated section of the street where pedestrians can safely cross at certain intervals of time.
理由:
a.空格前有形容詞 certain(某個、某些),空格後有介詞 of,可知空格內應置入名詞。
b.符合上述的選項有 (C) visibility(能見度)和 (H) intervals(間隔時間),然僅 intervals 置入後符合語意,故選 (H)。
c.interval n. 間隔時間(與介詞 at 並用)
at regular intervals  每隔一段固定時間
例: Buses to the airport depart at regular intervals.
(開往機場的巴士每隔一段固定時間發車。)

5.As you already know, if you've walked in Taipei, just because there's a crosswalk doesn't mean that cars will slow down for you.
理由:
a.空格前有助動詞 will,空格後有介詞 for,可知空格應置入原形不及物動詞或不及物動詞片語。
b.符合上述的選項僅有 (E) slow down(減速慢行),置入後亦符合語意,表要是你走在台北街頭,雖然有行人穿越道,但那並不表示車輛會為你『減速慢行』,故選 (E)。
c.slow down  減速
speed up  加速
例: My father asked my mother to slow down because she was driving over the speed limit.
(爸爸要我媽媽開慢一點,因為她超速了。)

6.Crosswalks are also known as zebra crossings because they are often indicated by white stripes on the black surfaces of the road.
理由:
a.空格前有 be 動詞 are,空格後有介詞 by,可知空格內應置入過去分詞,以形成被動式。
b.符合上述的選項僅有 (A) indicated(被標識),置入後亦符合語意,表行人穿越道又叫做斑馬線,這是因為它們通常是在黑色馬路上漆上白色條紋以『作為標識』之故,故選 (A)。
c.indicate vt. 標識;指示
be indicated by...  被……所標示著
例: Items on sale are indicated by red tags.
(特價品都用紅色標籤來做標識。)

7.Nowadays, though, many towns and cities are experimenting with cutting-edge zebra crossings to make them safer.
理由:
a.空格前有主詞 many towns and cities(許多城鎮)和 be 動詞 are,空格後有介詞 with,可知空格內應置不及物動詞變成的現在分詞,以形成現在進行式,同時可與 with 搭配。
b.選項中僅 (J) experimenting(實驗)可與 with 搭配,形成下列固定用法:
experiment with + 事物  用……做實驗
experiment on + 動物或人  對……做實驗
例: The students experimented with baking soda and vinegar in science class.
(學生上自然課時用蘇打和醋做實驗。)
例: Scientists have to be careful when they experiment on people.
(科學家對人體做實驗時必須非常小心。)
c.根據上述,(J) 項應為正選。
d.bustle(充滿)可作不及物動詞,此時亦可與 with 搭配,但應接人作受詞,表『擠滿人』。
例: On holidays, that street bustles with people.
(假日時,那條街都是人潮。)

8.In Auckland, New Zealand, having 38 serious crashes in crosswalks over a five-year period was deemed unacceptable by the city council.
理由:
a.空格前有不完全及物動詞 deemed(被視為),其後省略了 to be 兩個字,可知空格內應置入名詞或形容詞作主詞補語。
b.符合上述的選項有 (C) visibility(能見度)、(G) unacceptable(不能接受的)和 (I) bustling(熙攘的),然僅 unacceptable 置入後符合語意,故選 (G)。
c.unacceptable a. 不能接受的
例: This paper is unacceptable. Please re-do it.
(這篇報告不合格,請回去重寫。)

9.This would encourage drivers to take more notice of walkers, especially when visibility is poor because of rain or fog.
理由:
a.空格位於 when 所引導的副詞子句中,此子句已有 be 動詞及主詞補語,惟缺主詞,可知空格內應置入名詞。
b.符合上述的選項僅剩 (C) visibility(能見度),置入後亦符合語意,表這項試驗應該能促使駕駛人更加注意行人,尤其是雨天或起霧而造成『視線』不良的時候,故選 (C)。
c.visibility n. 能見度
例: Visibility is very low due to the storm.
(由於暴風雨,能見度非常低。)

10.In today's busy, bustling cities, crosswalks can be a pedestrian's best friend, and technology can make zebra crossings even safer.
理由:
a.空格前有所有格 today's(今天的),空格後有名詞 cities(城市),可知空格內應置入形容詞。
b.符合上述的選項僅剩 (I) bustling(熙攘的),置入後亦符合語意,表在今日繁忙、熙攘的城市裡,行人穿越道是行人最好的朋友,故選之。
c.bustling a. 熙攘的
例: The people from the country were excited by the bustling city.
(那些從鄉下來的人對熙熙攘攘的城市感到很興奮。)
精解字詞片語 


1.designated a. 指定的
a designated driver  指定駕駛
designate vt. 指定
例: That dance club designates Wednesday as ladies' night.
(那家舞廳定每個星期三為『淑女之夜』。)

2.Just because...doesn't mean + (that) 子句   就因為……並不代表……
= Just because..., it doesn't mean + (that) 子句

例: Just because you are angry doesn't mean you have the right to be unkind to me.
(就因為你在生氣,並不代表你有權利對我不客氣。)

3.crash n. & vi. 碰撞;墜毀
a car crash  車禍
a plane crash  墜機,空難
crash into...  撞上∕衝進……
例: You are far more likely to die in a car accident than in a plane crash.
(死於車禍的可能性比死於墜機的可能性要高多了。)
例: A car crashed into the tree outside my house.
(一輛車撞上了我家外面的樹。)

4.be deemed (to be) + N/adj.  被視為……
例: The plan was deemed workable by everyone on the team.
(團隊中每個人都認為這項計劃可行。)

5.motion-activated a. 動態感應的
activate vt. 啟動,使活動
例: If you punch in the code, the alarm will be activated.
(如果你輸入密碼,警報器就會啟動。)

6.encourage vt. 促進;鼓勵
encourage sb to V  鼓勵某人(做)……
例: Too much assistance will encourage dependence.
(太多協助將會助長依賴。)
例: The professor encouraged Willy to pursue his dream.
(教授鼓勵威利追求自己的夢想。)

7.take notice of...  注意∕留意……
例: Raymond's suggestion made his boss take notice of him for the first time.
(雷蒙的建議讓他的老闆第一次注意到他。)
單字小舖 


1.cross vt. & vi. 越過,橫越
cross the street  過馬路
2.frightening a. 嚇人的
3.pedestrian n. 行人
4.racetrack n. 賽車場
5.crosswalk n. 行人穿越道,斑馬線
= zebra crossing
zebra n. 斑馬
6.section n. 區域
7.stripe n. 斑紋,條紋
8.cutting-edge a. 最先進的
9.council n. 市議會
10.remedy n. 補救方法
11.flashing a. 閃爍的
12.stud n. 馬路平面上的(半球形)突起物
片語小舖 


1.be supposed to V  應該要……
2.follow the/one's advice  聽從(某人的)建議
中文翻譯&標準答案 


  任何一個想在台北市中心過馬路的人都知道那可是個恐怖的經驗。有時候你會覺得 駕駛好像認為馬路上沒有行人的存在,或是他們把這座城市當成大型賽車場似的。那麼行人應該如何到街道的另一邊呢?在世界各地的城市中,走行人穿越道是最常 見的對策之一。行人穿越道是街道上某個指定的區域,讓行人可以在某些固定時間內安全地過馬路。至少,這是設計行人穿越道的目的。正如你所知,要是你走在台 北街頭,雖然有行人穿越道,但那並不表示車輛會為你減速慢行。
  行人穿越道又叫做斑馬線,這是因為它們通常是在黑色馬路上漆上白色條紋以作為標識之故。但今日有許多城鎮正在試驗尖端科技的斑馬線,以提高它們的安全 性。紐西蘭的奧克蘭市 5 年來,在行人穿越道上發生了 38 起汽車撞倒行人的重大事故,這讓市議會十分無法接受。他們決議的補救之道是在斑馬線旁的路面上加裝感應式的閃光燈飾。這項試驗為期一年,應該能促使駕駛人 更加注意行人,尤其是雨天或起霧而造成視線不良的時候。
  在今日繁忙熙攘的城市裡,行人穿越道是行人最好的朋友,而科技更能提高斑馬線的安全性。但是要切記,避免意外發生的最佳方式,就是聽從父母從小教導我 們的──過馬路前一定要先看左右兩邊的來車。

標準答案: 1. (D) 2. (F) 3. (B)4. (H)5. (E) 6. (A) 7. (J) 8. (G) 9. (C) 10. (I)



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