by Owain Mckimm Why do strawberries taste different in the summer and the winter?
The fruits and vegetables in local supermarkets usually remain unchanged throughout the year. _(1)_ However, it's also clear that the flavors of these out-of-season fruits are lacking in comparison with those of in-season ones. How can the lank, patchy spinach of winter possibly compare to the thick-leaved, juicy spinach of spring and summer? There is even a difference in their nutritional values. _(2)_ The reason for this is that the fruits and vegetables delivered to supermarkets out of season are either shipped from other parts of the world or grown in the artificial conditions of greenhouses. These foods are usually harvested before the produce is suitably ripe, refrigerated, and sometimes zapped with radiation to kill germs before the lengthy transportation process. _(3)_ Foods that have been carried halfway around the world have duller colors and blander flavors, not to mention insipid textures. Another important factor to consider when choosing seasonal foods is the simple matter of price. _(4)_ Thus, local farmers' markets are great places to buy fruits freshly picked and vegetables straight from the ground. Moreover, prices will reflect the supply and demand of seasonal foods. _(5)_ When figuring out what to cook for dinner, check to make sure it's in season first.
(A) Locally-grown products are often cheaper than imported goods due to transportation costs. (B) These preservative measures not only harm the foods' natural nutritional values but also have negative impacts on their taste. (C) Therefore, since fruits and vegetables that are in season are often more abundant, they will no doubt be cheaper. (D) According to Japanese researchers, spinach picked during the summer contains three times the amount of vitamin C as its winter counterpart. (E) This means we've all eaten foods that are out of season at some point, such as strawberries in the fall, pears in the summer, and watermelons in the winter.
原來如此
1. 第一題空格應選 (E) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到,在地超市裡的蔬果種類通常整年一成不變,推測下一句會說到我們所吃的東西。 b. (E) 選項的句子說,這表示我們在某些時候都吃過非當季的食物,像是秋天的草莓、夏天的西洋梨,和冬天的西瓜等,符合推測,故為正選。 大補丸: a. out of season 過了產季,不當令 例: Mangoes are out of season during the winter. (芒果在冬天已經過了產季。) b. at some point 在某個時刻 c. strawberry n. 草莓 d. pear n. 西洋梨 e. watermelon n. 西瓜
2. 第二題空格應選 (D) 理由: a. 空格前 2 句提到,冬天的菠菜跟春夏的菠菜在營養價值上也有差異,推測下一句會提到差異何在。 b. (D) 選項的句子說,根據日本研究人員的報告,夏季採收的菠菜,其維他命 C 的含量是冬季菠菜的 3 倍,符合推測,故為正選。 大補丸: a. spinach n. 菠菜 b. contain vt. 包含 例: This file contains my medical records. (這份檔案裡包含我的病歷。) c. 倍數詞 + the amount of + 不可數名詞 + as... 是……倍數量的…… 例: George ate three times the amount of food as everyone else at the buffet. (喬治在自助餐廳吃的食物是其他人的 3 倍。) d. counterpart n. 相對應的人∕事∕物 例: The CEO will discuss the contract with his Japanese counterpart tomorrow. (這位執行長明天將與日方的執行長討論合約事宜。)
3. 第三題空格應選 (B) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到,這些農產品通常在成熟前就被採收和冷藏,有時候在長途運送前還會照射放射線來殺死微生物。 b. (B) 選項的句子說,這些保存措施不僅會破壞食物天然的營養價值,還會使它們的口感變差,前後語意連貫,故為正選。 大補丸: a. preservative a. 保存的 & n. 防腐劑 b. measure n. 措施 take measures to V 採取措施做…… 例: We must take measures to control the spread of this disease. (我們必須採取措施來防止這種疾病的蔓延。) c. nutritional a. 營養的 d. have an impact on... 對……有影響 例: The author's words have had an impact on many people's lives. (這位作家所說的話影響了許多人的一生。)
4. 第四題空格應選 (A) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到,選擇當季食物的另一因素純粹是價格上的考量,空格後則提到在地(local)農場是購買鮮採水果和剛採收蔬菜的最佳去處。 b. (A) 選項的句子說,由於運輸成本的緣故,在地種植(Locally-grown)的產品通常比進口商品便宜,置入後銜接前後 2 句,且關鍵字 local 和 Locally-grown 前後相呼應,故選之。 大補丸: a. import vt. 進口 export vt. 出口 例: My new set of knives was imported from Germany. (我那組新的刀子是從德國進口。) b. transportation n. 運輸
5. 第五題空格應選 (C) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到,價格也反映出當季食物的供需關係。 b. (C) 選項的句子說,因此,由於當季的蔬果通常產量豐富,價格當然也就比較便宜,前後語意連貫,故為正選。 大補丸: a. in season 正當時令,盛產中 例: These watermelons are as cheap as dirt because they are in season right now. (這些西瓜非常便宜,因為現在是盛產期。) b. abundant a. 大量的;充足的 例: This forest is abundant in rare mushrooms. (這座森林長滿了許多稀有的蕈類。) c. no doubt 毫無疑問地 例: There is no doubt that cell phones are a necessity nowadays. (毫無疑問,手機是現代生活的一項必需品。)
精解字詞片語
1. in comparison with/to... 與……相比 例: In comparison with Mark, Ted still has a lot to learn. (與馬克相比,泰德還有很多地方要學習。)
2. compare to + N/V-ing 比得上……(通常用於否定句或疑問句中) 例: When it comes to creativity, no one can compare to my younger brother. (說到創意,沒人比得上我弟弟。)
3. artificial a. 人造的,人工的 例: The latest trend is to use organic fertilizers instead of artificial ones. (使用有機肥料代替人工肥料是最新的趨勢。)
4. harvest vt. 收割 & n. 收成 例: With the new machines, the farmers find it easier to harvest their crops. (有了新的機械,農人發現收割農作物容易多了。)
5. not to mention... 更不用說…… 例: Citrus fruits are rich in fiber, not to mention vitamin C. (柑橘類水果富含纖維質,更不用說維他命 C 了。)
6. straight adv. 直接地 例: I usually go straight home after school. (放學後我通常都直接回家。)
7. reflect vt. 反映;反射 例: I like that talk show because it reflects my political views. (我喜歡那個談話節目,因為它反映出我的政治觀點。)
8. supply and demand 供需 例: The law of supply and demand determines most of the prices in the market. (供需定律決定市場上大部分價格。)
單字小舖
1. lacking a. 不足的,缺少的 2. lank a. 瘦長的 3. patchy a. 不勻稱的 4. juicy a. 多汁的 5. greenhouse n. 溫室 6. produce n. 農產品(不可數) 7. suitably adv. 適當地 8. refrigerate vt. 冷藏,冷凍 9. zap vt.(用放射線)照射 10. radiation n. 放射線,輻射 11. lengthy a. 冗長的 12. halfway adv. 在中間;在半途 13. dull a.(色彩等)不鮮明的;無光澤的 14. bland a. 淡而無味的 15. insipid a. 沒有味道的 16. texture n. 口感;質地 17. seasonal a. 季節的
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