by Carrie Kellenberger
The oceans of the world are facing many problems nowadays.
When we think of climate change, we imagine
unpredictable weather, melting
glaciers, and a
shortage of fresh water. No one ever thinks about the
sea snail. _(1)_ High
acidity levels in our oceans make it difficult for the snail and other
hard-shelled creatures, such as
corals,
lobsters, and
sea urchins, to grow shells. Their struggle to survive
threatens every creature in the
food chain, from fish to whales all the way down to humans. Today's oceans are turning into a
hostile environment for many creatures that are important to the
aquatic food chain. _(2)_
Why are our oceans toxic? _(3)_ The biggest
factor contributing to this is the
fossil fuel emissions that have been
dumped into the atmosphere. Our oceans, which
absorb these emissions, have
protected humans
from the worst effects of climate change. A century ago, oceans
were in balance with the atmosphere, which meant that they could absorb the carbon dioxide that was released. As more fuel was burned, the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere started to rise. _(4)_ Scientists fear that by 2060, if emissions remain
unchecked, the oceans will be more acidic than ever before.
We can all help by
employing conservation techniques that will help decrease the
concentration of
atmospheric carbon dioxide. _(5)_ Sadly, there is no way to reverse the damage that has already been done. We can only work hard and hope the situation improves, but it is impossible to predict what the future holds for the world's oceans.
(A) The main reason is that global warming has directly affected the oceans' chemistry over the last century.
(B) As a result, our oceans have been taking in more
carbon dioxide every year.
(C) This
impacts the billions of people that
rely on fish as their main source of
protein.
(D) This tiny creature, however,
represents just one of the many
species that are
struggling to survive in our
toxic seas.
(E) These
techniques involve putting a stop to
deforestation and
overfishing, promoting
energy-efficient and low-carbon fuels, and
regulating carbon emissions.