5.
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若干特殊形式的被動語態:
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1.
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“get+p.p.”—— 相當於 “be+p.p.”,但只用於口語中。——其中有些 “p.p.” 應視爲做主詞補語的 “分詞形容詞”。如:
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續 上 期
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•
•
•
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2.
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“get+p.p.” 特別用於以下兩種場合:
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A.
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用於突然的、不尋常的、意外的事情。如:
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(1)
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He got caught by the police driving at 80 through that bridge. (他以八十的速度駛過那座橋的時候被警察抓到了。)
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(2)
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It was a bad accident, but luckily nobody got hurt. (那是一次嚴重的事故,所幸沒有人受傷。)
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(3)
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My brother got hit by a baseball. (我弟弟被棒球擊中了。)
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(4)
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I got invited to lots of parties last holidays. (上次假期我被邀請參加了許多聚會。)
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(5)
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More and more people are getting attacked in the dark these days. (近來有越來越多的人在黑暗中遭到襲擊。)
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B.
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用於替自己做的事情,尤其在祈使句中,相當於 “V.+-self”。如:
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(1)
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Don’t get lost (= Don’t lose yourself. = Don’t lose your way.) (不要迷了路。)
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(2)
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Get dressed and come downstairs at once. (把衣服穿好立刻下樓來。)
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(3)
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My sister got divorced last year. (我姐姐去年離了婚。)
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(4)
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Get married as soon as you can. (你要儘快地結婚。)
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(註)
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“be+p.p.”是表示當時的狀態,“get+p.p.”是表示當時狀態的 “轉變”。此外,如果某一狀態已經持續了若干時間,只可用 be,不可用 get。 如:
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(1)
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a.
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My brother and his sister got engaged last Sunday. (我哥哥和他姐姐上個星期日訂婚了。—— 原來沒有訂婚,到了上星期日轉變了。)
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b.
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She was engaged to John when I knew her. (我認識她的時候,她已經和約翰訂婚了。—— 她和約翰訂婚是在我認識她以前。)
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(2)
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a.
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He got hurt while playing. (他在玩的時候受了傷。—— 本來沒有受傷,玩的時候有了轉變。)
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b.
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He was hurt by a baseball. (他是被棒球擊傷的。)
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本句是表示當時的狀態或情況,並非表示轉變。
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(3)
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I’ve been married to you for over twenty years and I still don’t know what goes on inside your head. (我和你結婚已經二十多年了,我依然不知道你的腦子裡在想些什麽。)
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本句裡的 “have been married”是表示狀態的繼續,所以不用 have got married。
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You can't mend a broken heart with a silver thread.
更多內容請參閱 : http://www.hosenglish.com.
from賀氏英文法全書
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