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A Hairy Situation 你有什麼『毛』病

 

Many people believe that there's nothing worse than a bad hair day. Bad hair days are ones _(1)_ nothing seems to work to make your hair look normal. Standing in front of the mirror for hours _(2)_ trying to make your magnificent mane look just right is a common routine for millions. Isn't it a blessing that most of us don't have the same daily dilemma with the hair on our arms and legs?
  Hair growth is caused by hair cells that form on a continuous basis. These hair cells _(3)_ inside the hair follicles. As new cells are formed, old cells are pushed out. The cells that are pushed out die and these dead cells are the hairs that we can see. The length of our hair _(4)_ on the duration of the "growth phase." This is the period of time that new cells are programmed to grow. After the growth phase comes the "rest phase." During the rest phase, new cells will temporarily stop _(5)_ while the existing hair will fall out and a new hair will take its place. The growth phase then starts again.
  The growth phase for the hair on our head lasts for several years, while _(6)_ for hair on our arms lasts only a couple of months. This explains the _(7)_ in the length. Thank goodness that it's not the other way around or we might all end up looking like balding gorillas!

──by Jenny Chou

(A) depends/(B) contrast

(C) when/(D) forming

(E) reside/(F) that

(G) on end

  許多人相信沒有比頭髮亂翹更糟的時候了。頭髮亂翹時不管做什麼都無法讓頭髮服貼。在鏡前連續站上好幾小時,讓你蓬鬆毛躁的頭髮柔順是好幾百萬人每日的例行公事。還好我們四肢上的毛髮不會帶來和頭髮一樣令人為難的窘境!
  毛髮的生長來自不斷再生的毛髮細胞。這些細胞存在我們頭髮的毛囊裡。新細胞形成時,舊細胞就會被推擠出去。被推擠出去的細胞死亡而形成我們看到的毛髮。毛髮的長度決定在『成長期』,這是新細胞被設定成長的時期。成長期之後是『休止期』。在休止期,新細胞會暫停生長,此時原有的那根頭髮會掉落,並由新的頭髮取代其位置。於是成長期又會再次開始。
  我們頭髮的成長期長達數年,然而手臂上的毛髮只持續幾個月。這就是為什麼這兩種毛髮的長度會有差異的原因。謝天謝地情況並不是恰恰相反,否則我們可能全會看起來像快要禿頭的猩猩呢!

標準答案: 1. (C) /2. (G) /3. (E) /4. (A) /5. (D) /6. (F) /7. (B)

 

單字:

 

1.hairy a. 毛茸茸的;棘手的(口語)

2.
magnificent a. 華麗的,壯觀的

3.
mane n. 毛髮

4.
routine n. 例行公事

5.
continuous a. 連續的

6.
follicle n. 毛囊

7.
duration n.(持續的)期間

8.
phase n. 階段,時期

9.
temporarily adv. 暫時地

10.
existing a. 現存的;目前的

11.
goodness int. God的代用語(用以表驚訝、發誓等)
Thank goodness!
  謝天謝地!

12.
balding a. 漸漸變禿的

 

片語:

1.a bad hair day  頭髮亂翹時
: Kerry was having a bad hair day, so she decided to wear a hat.
(凱芮今天頭髮亂翹,所以她決定要戴頂帽子。)

2.
It is a blessing + that子句  
……真是幸運∕恩賜
: It is a blessing that we bought the tickets before the prices went up.
(我們在漲價前就買到票真是幸運。)

3.
dilemma n. 左右為難,困境
in a dilemma
  進退兩難,左右為難
: Pamela was in a dilemma when both Joe and Edward asked her out on a date.
(喬與愛德華都要約她出去時,潘蜜拉感到左右為難。)

4.
be programmed to V  被設計來(做)……
program vt.
安排,設計
: The machine is programmed to obey the commands of its operator.
(這部機器被設計成要服從操縱者的指令。)

5.
fall out  掉落,脫落
: A lot of my hair fell out during my senior year in high school.
(我高三時掉了很多頭髮。)

6.
take one's place  取代……的地位
: John will never be able to take your place in our hearts.
(約翰永遠無法取代你在我們心中的地位。)

7.
the other way around/round  
恰恰相反,倒過來
: Harry didn't hit his brother. It was the other way around.
(哈利沒有打他弟弟。事實正恰好相反。)

8.
end/wind up + V-ing  
結果∕最後∕到頭來……
: If you continue to eat sweets, you will wind up getting really fat.
(假如你繼續吃甜食,總有一天會肥死你。)

 

解題:

 

1.第一題空格應選 (C) when
理由:
a.ones
可用以代替其前提過的複數名詞,而one則可代替單數名詞,以避免重複。此處空格
前的ones指的就是其前的bad hair days
: Is this umbrella the one you lost yesterday?
(這是你昨天弄丟的那把傘嗎?)

b.
選項(C) when為關係副詞,可引導形容詞子句,修飾其前表『時間』的名詞,空格前的ones
= bad hair days)即為表時間的名詞,when置入後符合語意、用法,故選之。
: At midnight, when the house is silent, I feel totally at peace.
(夜深人靜時,我感到十分平靜。)



2.
第二題空格應選 (G) on end
理由:
a.
由空格前的hours得知,空格應置入on end,以形成下列固定用法:
hours/days/weeks
+ on end  
=hours/days/weeks
+ in a row
連續數小時∕數天∕數星期等
: The weather has been wet and cold for six days on end.
(已經連續六天又濕又冷的天氣了。)

b.
根據上述用法,可知(G)為正選。



3.
第三題空格應選 (E) reside
理由:
本句尚缺動詞,而選項(A) depends(E) reside雖皆為動詞,但由於句中主詞hair cells為複數,
可知應置入一複數動詞,故(A)不可選;reside為複數動詞,且置入後亦符合語意,故(E)為正
選。
reside vi.
居住
: What section of the city do you reside in?
(你住在城裡哪一區?)



4.
第四題空格應選 (A) depends
理由:
句中的主詞為單數名詞the lengthdepends置入後可作句中動詞,亦形成"depend on..."之固定
用法,故(A)應為正選。
depend on...
  視……而定,取決於……
: Whether we go abroad depends on how much money we have.
(我們是否出國要看我們有多少錢。)



5.
第五題空格應選 (D) forming
理由:
a.
由空格前的stop可知,空格應置入動名詞,故(D)為正選。
stop + V-ing
  停止……
比較:
stop to V
  停下來去(做)……
: Stop listening to that horrible music. It is driving me up a wall!
(別聽那可怕的音樂了。我快被逼瘋了!)
Do you ever stop to smell the roses?
(你是否曾停下來聞聞玫瑰香?)



6.
第六題空格應選 (F) that
理由:
a.
在英文中,前面出現過的名詞若再次提到,為避免重複,可改用代名詞thatthose;若為
單數名詞,以代名詞that代替;若是複數名詞,則以those代替。
: The money I put into the bank will gain interest, while that I have in my purse is for everyday
use.
(我存在銀行裡的錢是為了賺利息,錢包裡的錢則供每天花費。)

b.
此處空格前的The growth phase為單數名詞,可知應以代名詞that替代,故(F)為正選。



7.
第七題空格應選 (B) contrast
理由:
空格前的explain為及物動詞,其後須置入名詞作其受詞;contrast(差異)置入後符合語意、
用法,故(B)為正選。
contrast n.
差異,差別;對照
in by contrast
  相較之下
: This restaurant is wonderful. In contrast, the one I went to yesterday was horrible.
(這家餐館很棒。相較之下,我昨天去的那家則很糟。)

 

from 常春藤解析英語雜誌

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