Luis國際資訊事務所

Lasting Impressions　歷久彌新印象派

Before the late 19th century, most European artists painted portraits or religious figures in an idealistic way. Impressionism, however, was dedicated _(1)_ subjects not as they appeared, but how the painters felt. Utilizing thick coats of paint, wide brush strokes, and startling color combinations, the artists painted simple subjects so that observers could appreciate the rough simplicity of the paintings.
　　Initially, impressionism was not accepted because many believed that painting an impression of something, _(2)_ dealing in details, was crude and radical. Art exhibits, such as the famous Le Salon, refused to show impressionist works.
　　Eventually, with independent support and growing appreciation for this fresh approach, the artists found a _(3)_ place in the art world. Monet became known for his use of water and its surroundings illuminated by a warm glowing light. Degas captured a dark, yet dreamlike world of ballet. Van Gogh _(4)_ a sidewalk cafe and gave movement to the night sky. Tahitians were caught in bright, daily life through Gauguin's paintbrush. These illustrious greats along with other artists, such as Pissaro, Renoir, Cezanne, Morisot, and Sisley, _(5)_ their genius to this unique movement.
　　Impressionism changed the way people thought about art. In the past century, art _(6)_ its tradition of spontaneity and rule-bending. Artists today exhibit a freedom in their work that would not have been accepted _(7)_ the impressionists not strayed from the normal path. The colorful and stylistic doors they've opened have made a lasting impression on the world of art and how we see it.
──by Trudy Barnes

1. (A) painting(B) to painting(C) to paint(D) themselves to paint

2. (A) in spite of(B) on account of(C) let alone(D) rather than

3. (A) sparse(B) dense(C) solid(D) tough

4. (A) lit up(B) sprang up(C) filled up(D) packed up

5. (A) donated(B) submitted(C) contributed(D) participated

6. (A) continues(B) is to continue(C) had continued(D) has continued

7. (A) if(B) had(C) were(D) should

單字:

1. idealistic a. 理想（主義）的

2.impressionism n. 印象派，印象主義

impressionist n. 印象派畫家

3.stroke n.（繪畫、寫字的）一筆，一畫

4.simplicity n. 樸實

5.initially adv. 開始，最初

6.crudea. 粗糙的，不加修飾的

7.radical a. 激進的

8.independent a. 獨立的，自主的

9.approach n. 方法，手法

10.illustrious a. 著名的，傑出的

11.spontaneity n. 自發性，自動

12.stylistic a. 藝術風格的

片語:

1.utilize vt. 利用，使用
例:The students utilized all resources available to build the shelter.
（學生們利用所有可用資源來作掩護。）

2.deal in...　　著重在……
例:Becky's research deals in finding a cure for the Ebola virus.
（貝姬的研究著重在尋找伊波拉病毒的療法。）

3.illuminate vt. 照亮，照射
例:The candles illuminated the room with a warm glow.
（蠟燭溫暖的光線照亮了房間。）

4.rule-bending n. 違反規則
bend/stretch the rules　　違反規則；通融
例:It is impossible for me to bend the rules and let you in without a ticket.
（要我通融你無票進場是不可能的。）

5.stray from...　　脫離∕偏離……
例:Japanese teenagers are straying from the traditions of their parents.
（日本青少年正背離他們父母輩的傳統。）

解題:

1.第一題空格應選 (B) to painting
理由:
a.空格前為形容詞dedicated（一心一意的），得知空格應置入to painting，形成下列固定用法：
be dedicated to N/V-ing　　致力於……
=dedicate oneself to N/V-ing
例:The nurse is dedicated to helping her patients recover as quickly as possible.
（那名護士致力幫助病人早日康復。）

b.根據上述，(B)應為正選。


2.第二題空格應選 (D) rather than
理由:
a.(A)in spite of...　　儘管……，雖然……
=despite...
例:In spite of our efforts, we weren't able to win the dragon boat race.
（儘管我們這麼努力，還是無法在這場龍舟賽中得勝。）

(B)on account of...　　因為……，由於……
=because of...
例:The final game was canceled on account of the heavy rain.
（決賽因大雨取消。）

(C)let alone...　　更別說……
=much less...
例:Howard can't swim, let alone jump from the high diving board.
（霍華德連游泳都不會，更別說是高空跳水了。）

(D)rather than N/V　　而非……
=instead of N/V-ing
例:Rather than stand in line for tickets, you can order them online.
（與其排隊買票，你可以線上訂購。）

b.根據語意，(D)應為正選。


3.第三題空格應選 (C) solid
理由:
a.(A)sparse a. 稀疏的，稀少的

(B)dense a. 密集的，稠密的

(C)solid a. 穩固的，牢靠的

(D)tough a. 艱苦的；堅硬的

b.根據語意，(C)應為正選。


4.第四題空格應選 (A) lit up
理由:
a.(A) light up...　　照亮……；點燃……
例:The fireflies lit up the night sky as the children tried to catch them.
（螢火蟲照亮夜空，而孩子們正努力要抓到牠們。）

(B)spring up　　如雨後春筍般出現
例:Several problems sprang up that we didn't know how to deal with.
（許多問題冒了出來，我們不知該怎麼解決。）

(C)fill up...　　裝滿……
例:Please fill up the box with any old clothes that you don't want.
（請把你不要的舊衣服裝滿箱子。）

(D)pack up...　　整理……，打包……
例:At the end of the day, the vendors pack up their things and head home.
（一天結束，小販們便打包東西回家。）

b.根據語意、用法，(A)應為正選。


5.第五題空格應選 (C) contributed
理由:
a.(A) donate vt. 捐贈（尤指金錢）

(B)submit vt. 提交，呈遞
submit A to B　　將A提交給B
例:To process your application, you should submit all of your documents to the head office.
（要辦理申請的話，你該將全部的文件呈交給總公司。）

(C)contribute vt. 貢獻；捐獻
contribute A to B　　貢獻∕捐獻A給B
例:Mr. Lee contributed hours of his time to helping poor chilldren.
（李先生將幾個小時的時間奉獻在幫助貧苦的孩子上。）

(D)participate vi. 參加，參與
participate in...　　參加……
例:Are you going to participate in any after-school activities this year?
（你今年會參加任何課外活動嗎？）

b.根據語意、用法，(C)應為正選。


6.第六題空格應選 (D) has continued
理由:
a.空格之前有時間副詞片語In the past century（過去1個世紀以來），此類片語須與現在完成（進行）式並用，故得知空格內應置入has continued。
in/for/over/during + the last/past + (few/數字) + day(s)/month(s)/year(s)　　
過去……天∕月∕年以來（到現在）
例:I haven't been feeling well for the last few days.
（我過去幾天來一直感到不適。）

b.根據上述，(D)應為正選。


7.第七題空格應選 (B) had
理由:
a.本句為假設語氣省略if的用法。假設語氣的if子句中，若有過去完成式助動詞had、表『萬一』的助動詞should，或是be動詞were出現時，可將這些詞類往前移位置於主詞前，而將if省略。
例:Had I known you were a vegetarian, I wouldn't have cooked pork for you.
（如果我當時知道你吃素的話，就不會煎豬排給你吃了。）
Should the car break down, we would have to walk back home.
（萬一車子拋錨的話，我們就得走路回家了。）
Were Max to win the lottery, he would quit his job.
（麥克斯要是中彩券的話，他就會辭職。）

b.原句解析如下：
...that would not have been accepted had the impressionists not strayed from the normal path.
=...that would not have been accepted if the impressionists had not strayed from the normal path.

c.空格後的not strayed from為否定完成式，故根據上述，可知應置入過去完成式助動詞had，因此(B)為正選。

　　在19世紀末之前，大部分歐洲畫家運用理想主義的手法來描繪肖像或宗教人物的畫像。然而印象派卻致力於不依循題材的外表來作畫，而是基於畫家主觀的感覺。藝術家利用厚厚的塗料、寬筆刷痕，以及令人驚艷的配色來描繪平凡的事物，令觀賞者得以欣賞他們畫中不經修飾的樸實。
　　起初，印象派不被接受，因為很多人相信純粹畫出事物的『印象』，而不著重細部描繪是粗俗激進的。當時的藝術展覽會，像是知名的沙龍展等，都拒絕展出印象派畫作。
　　由於獨立團體的支持及對這全新手法的讚賞與日俱增，印象派畫家終於在藝術界站穩一席之地。莫內以他喜愛用水當作題材，以及浸淫在溫暖鮮明光線中的場景而聞名。竇加抓住了芭蕾舞世界中朦朧而夢幻般的影像。梵谷點亮了人行道上的咖啡館，並讓夜空動了起來。透過畫筆，高更勾勒出大溪地人蓬勃朝氣的日常生活。這些傑出的大師以及其他像畢沙羅、雷諾瓦、塞尚、莫里索、希斯里等畫家，都將他們的才華貢獻在這股獨特潮流中。
　　印象派改變了人們對於藝術的看法。過去1個世紀以來，藝術不斷延續其自發性與顛覆性的傳統。今日的畫家在他們的作品中展示著一股放浪肆意，如果當時印象派畫家沒有捨正途不由的話，這一切是不會被接受的。他們開啟了多采多姿的藝術大門，對美術世界及世人的欣賞角度都產生恆久的影響。

標準答案: 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (B)

from 常春藤解析英語雜誌