第五篇 動 詞
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第八章 直接敍述與間接敍述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)
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二. 間接敘述 (Indirect Speech or Reported Speech)
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1.
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間接敘述的定義:
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續 上 期
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2.
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直接敍述轉換成間接敍述時,連接詞之使用:
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直接敍述轉換成間接敍述時,往往 (並非總是) 將被引用的原文轉換成名詞子句。名詞子句是從屬子句之一種,必須由從屬連接詞引領,但由於被引用語的原文有敍述句,有疑問句,所需使用的連接詞也因而不同。茲分述如下:
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1.
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被引用語若是敍述句,間接敍述裏的名詞子句用that引領 —— say, tell, believe, think, know, be sure, be afraid 等之後的 that 可以省略。如:
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(1)
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直:
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Mary said to me, “I watch TV every day.” (瑪麗對我說,“我每天看電視。”)
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間:
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Mary said to me (or told me) (that) she watched TV every day. (瑪麗對我說〔告訴我〕她每天看電視。)
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(2)
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直:
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The mayor said, “On July the first I will announce the results of the search.” (市長說,“七月一日我要宣佈調查的結果。”)
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間:
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The mayor declared that on July the first he would announce the results of the search. (市長聲稱七月一日他要宣佈調查的結果。)
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(3)
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直:
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“When you arrive home, you will find my letter awaiting you,” he said. (“你到家的時候會發現我的信正等著你。” 他說。)
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間:
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He said (or He assured me) that when I arrived home, I would find his letter awaiting me. (他說我到家時會發現他的信在等著我。)
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2.
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被引用語若是帶有疑問詞的疑問句,則用原疑問詞引領名詞子句,不可改用或加入其他連接詞;若是不帶疑問詞的疑問句,則用whether 或 if 引領名詞子句。——直接敍述裏的引述動詞用 say 或 ask 均可,但在間接敍述裏的引述動詞不可用 say (參閱 p.662-7)。如:
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(1)
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直:
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She said (or asked), “Do you want me to help you?” (她說〔問〕,“你要不要我幫忙?”)
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間:
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She asked whether (or if) I wanted her to help me. (她問我要不要她幫忙。)
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(2)
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直:
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John said, “What are you talking about?” (約翰說,“你們在談什麽?”)
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間:
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John asked me
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whether what (×)
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we were talking about.
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that what (×)
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what (○)
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(約翰問我我們在談什麽。)
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You can't mend a broken heart with a silver thread.
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from
賀氏英文法全書
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