Luis國際資訊事務所

二. 間接敘述 (Indirect Speech or Reported Speech)

1.

間接敘述的定義：

2.

直接敘述轉換成間接敘述時，連接詞之使用：

3.

引述動詞之使用及其位置：

1.

在直接敘述裡，無論被引用語是敘述句、祈使句、疑問句還是感歎句，引述動詞都可用 say。如：

2.

say 的主詞是名詞而且不是放在句首時，往往倒置。如：

3.

said 也可以用在間接敍述裡，後接 that 子句。

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續 上 期

4.

tell 之後必須接某人，在直接敍述裡不可放在句首 (只可放在句尾或前後兩組引號的中間)。如：

(1)

“Tom lives next door,” Bill told me (or Bill said to me).
(“湯姆住在隔壁,” 比爾告訴我。)

(2)

“Let the children play in the garden if they want to,” she told her gardener. “I'm sure they won't do any harm.
”(“如果孩子們想在花園裡玩就讓他們玩，” 她對她的園丁說。“我相信他們不會把花木弄壞的。”)

5.

在間接敍述裡，“say to某人” 雖然可用，但以用 “tell某人” 較爲普遍。如：

(1)

直：

“I have something to show you,” she said to me (or she told me).
(“我有東西要給你看，” 她對我說。)

間：

She said to me that she had something to show me. (不錯，不好)

She told me that she had something to show me. (好)
(她告訴我她有東西要給我看。)

(2)

直：

“Look where you are going,” she said to me; “the road is full of holes and very badly lit.
”(“你走路要當心,” 她對我說； “這路上儘是坑，而且燈光極暗。”)

間：

She told me to look where I was going as the road was full of holes and very badly lit.
(因為路上儘是坑而且燈光極暗，她叫我走路要當心。)

6.

除了 say 和 tell 而外，還有許多動詞可以用作敍述句 (包括祈使句、感歎句) 裡的引述動詞，在間接敍述裡更是多采多姿。如：

(1)

直：

“It isn't so windy today as it was yesterday,” I remarked.
(“今天不像昨天那麽大風。” 我說。)

間：

I remarked that  it wasn't so windy that day as it had been the day before.
(我說那天不像前一天那麽大風。)

(2)

直：

“I'll come with you as soon as I am ready,” she replied.
(“我一準備好就和你一起去。” 她回答道。)

間：

She said she'd come with me as soon as she was ready.
(她說她一準備好就和我一起去。)

(3)

直：

“If you let the iron too hot, it will scorch your clothes,” I warned her.
(“如果你讓熨斗太熱，它會燙焦你的衣服。” 我提醒她。)

間：

I warned her (that) if she let the iron too hot, it would scorch her clothes.
(我提醒她如果讓熨斗太熱，它會燙焦她的衣服。)

(4)

直：

“You haven't paid me quite enough. The bill is for 52 dollars and you've paid me only 50,” he pointed out.
(“你付給我的錢少了一點。帳單是五十二元，你只付了五十元。” 他指出。)

間：

He pointed out I hadn't paid him quite enough. The bill was for 52 dollars and I'd paid him only 50.
(他指出我付給他的錢少了一點。帳單上是五十二元，我只付給他五十元。)