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線上收聽
Skiing has come a long way since the Stone Age, when early humans jumped on boards before going out to hunt. Back then, sliding down snow-covered hills was merely a means of pursuing prey. _(1)_ a successful skiing trip in the Stone Age would have required bringing home a wooly mammoth, today it merely involves a trip to any of the three hundred plus alpine skiing resorts scattered around the globe.
It took quite some time for skiing to _(2)_ the gap between utility and recreation. The first evidence of skiing simply _(3)_ the sake of skiing can be found in Icelandic poetry written roughly 1,000 years ago. One poem boasts of the high speed achieved by a skiing Viking king. King Hadrade skied for no other reason _(4)_ to feel the air against his face, the pull of gravity on his body, and the sensation of controlled falling that skiing provides.
Of course, skiing equipment also took some time to advance beyond the 4,500-year-old wooden skis archeologists found in Scandinavia. Early skis were _(5)_ tree branches stripped of their leaves. Neither the material nor the shape of those early skis _(6)_ much resemblance to modern ones. Today's skis are complicated mixtures of fiberglass and metal, _(7)_ more like hourglasses than tree branches. These developments have made skiing easier and thus more enjoyable.
──by LuAnn Crowther Oliver
1. (A) When(B) As (C) Because(D) While
2. (A) gate(B) bridge(C) deepen(D) broaden
3. (A) at(B) to(C) for(D) by
4. (A) than (B) only(C) but(D) except
5. (A) more(B) very(C) most(D) mostly
6. (A) wear(B) gear(C) bear(D) tear
7. (A) to shape(B) shaped(C) shape(D) shaping
滑雪從石器時代起到現在已有長足的進展；早期的人踏上木板是為了出外打獵，當時從白雪覆蓋的山丘滑行下來純粹是追捕獵物的方法而已。雖說在石器時代，一趟成功的滑雪之行是得帶一頭長毛象回家，但在今天卻意味著到任一個遍佈全球的三百多個高山滑雪勝地一遊。
滑雪歷經一段時間才消弭了其實用性與娛樂性間的鴻溝。最早關於為滑雪而滑雪的證據，可在撰寫於一千年前左右的冰島詩集中找到。其中有首詩的內容在於吹噓一名維京國王滑雪的速度有多快。咱們這位海瑞特大王滑雪沒別的理由，只為了感受拍打臉龐的空氣、拉扯身體的引力、還有控制落下的感覺，這些只有滑雪才能提供。
當然，滑雪的裝備也是花了一段時間，才超越考古學家在斯堪地那維亞半島所發現，四千五百年前使用的木製滑雪板。古時候的滑雪板主要是剝除了葉子的樹枝，無論在材質或形狀上都和現代滑雪板大不相同。今日的滑雪板是由玻璃纖維和金屬製成的複雜混合物，形狀不像樹枝，反倒像個沙漏。這些發展使得滑雪更容易，也因此更有樂趣。
標準答案:
1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (A) 5. (D) 6. (C) 7. (B)
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1. pursue vt. 追捕/趕
2. mammoth n. 長毛象
3. alpine a. 高山的
4. resort n. 渡假/遊覽勝地
5. utility n. 實用性
6. recreation n. 消遣, 娛樂
7. roughly adv. 大致地, 大約
= approximately
8. gravity n. 重力, 地心引力
9. sensation n. 感/知覺
10. archeologist n. 考古學家
11. mixture n. 混合/合成物
12. hourglass n. 沙漏
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1.come a long way 有長足進展
例: Leon has come a long way in his study of kung fu.
（里昂在功夫的學習上大有斬獲。）
2.means n. 手段, 方法; 財富
by means of... 藉由……
例: We are determined to get the job done by means of working through the night.
（我們決定徹夜奮戰來完成工作。）
3.scatter vt. 四散, 散佈
例: The woman scattered the bread crumbs around her for the birds to eat.
（那名婦人在她四周灑麵包屑給小鳥吃。）
4.boast of/about... 誇耀/自誇……
例: That stand boasts of the best dumplings in all of Taipei.
（那攤子自誇有全台北市最棒的餃子。）
5.strip vt. 剝去, 脫光
strip sb/sth of sth 剝奪某人/物的某事物
例: The army stripped Jack of his ranking after he went absent without leave.
（軍方在傑克擅離職守後撤除他的軍階。）
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1.第一題空格應選 (D) While
理由:
a.while作連接詞時, 除可表『當……時』, 亦可表『雖然』之意, 即等於although或though, 用於連接兩個意義對比的句子。
例: While he is smart, his brother is as stupid as he can be.
=Though he is smart, his brother is as stupid as he can be.
（雖然他很聰明，但他弟弟卻笨得可以。）
b.When (當……時), As (當……時; 由於……), Because (因為……) 雖均為副詞連接詞, 可用以連接兩句, 但置入空格後均不合語意, 故(A)、(B)、(C)不可選; 僅While置入空格後符合語意、用法, 故選(D)。
2.第二題空格應選 (B) bridge
理由:
a.bridge the gap 彌補差異/距
例: Only by talking can you bridge the gap that divides you and your parents.
（唯有好好談才能消弭你跟父母之間的鴻溝。）
b.(A)gate n. (大) 門
(C)deepen vt. 使加深
(D)broaden vt. 加/拓寬
broaden one's horizons
使某人增廣見聞 (horizons恆用複數形)
例: Traveling can help to broaden your horizons.
（旅遊有助增廣見聞。）
c.由於空格前有不定詞的to, 得知空格內須置入動詞, 故(A)不可選。其餘根據語意及用法, 可知(B)應為正選。
3.第三題空格應選 (C) for
理由:
a.for the sake of... 為了……的緣故
例: You should exercise on a daily basis for the sake of your health.
=You should exercise on a daily basis for your health's sake.
（為了健康的緣故，你應該每天運動。）
b."for the sake of..."為固定用法, 故選(C)。
4.第四題空格應選 (A) than
理由:
a.no other...than... 除了……別無……
例: It seems there is no other way than to deal with the problem.
（似乎除了解決這問題外別無他法了。）
b.根據上述固定用法, 故(A)為正選。
c.若原句刪除other, 則可與but或except並用, 即:
King Hadrade skied for no other reason than to feel the air against his face...
=King Hadrade skied for no reason but/except to feel the air against his face...
5.第五題空格應選 (D) mostly
理由:
a.mostly為副詞, 表『大多, 往往』, 此處亦可等於generally (通常, 大體上), 置入空格後可用於修飾其前的be動詞were, 符合語意、用法, 故(D)為正選。
b.原句實等於:
Early skis were mostly tree branches that were stripped of their leaves.
(古時候的滑雪板主要是剝除了葉子的樹枝。)
c.more (更加地) 及very (非常地) 均為副詞, 其後須接形容詞或副詞, 故(A)、(B)不可選。
d.most表『最……的』, 之前須置定冠詞the, 之後再置入形容詞, 故(C)亦不可選。
6.第六題空格應選 (C) bear
理由:
a.bear much/a close resemblance to... 與……極相似
resemblance n. 相似 (程度)
例: Annie bears a close resemblance to her father.
（安妮和她爸爸像極了。）
b.gear vt. 使適應/合 & n. 齒輪
例: We will gear the product to young people who like to travel.
（我們這項產品鎖所定對象是喜愛旅遊的年輕族群。）
c."bear much resemblance to..."為固定用法, 故(C)應為正選。
7.第七題空格應選 (B) shaped
理由:
a.原句實等於:
Today's skis are complicated mixtures of fiberglass and metal, which are shaped more like hourglasses than tree branches.
b.上列形容詞子句中, which are可以省略, 保留過去分詞shaped, 故(B)應為正選。
c.選項(A) to shape為不定詞片語, 句中使用不定詞片語時, 乃用來表『目的』, 且之前不可有逗點, 故to shape於此語意及用法皆不合, 因此(A)選項不列入考慮。
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