Roller Coaster Roots　衝上雲霄

線上收聽



　　Roller coasters dot the earth today. These scream machines attract millions of people and billions of dollars every year. While some of today's coasters stand as high as 40 meters and are clearly a product of the 21st century, the concept has _(1)_ for nearly 400 years.

　　Most coaster historians agree that it all began in Russia. In the mid-1600s in the area today _(2)_ as St. Petersburg, upper-class citizens, including Catherine the Great, flocked to the Russian Ice Slides. Riders would climb a wooden staircase, sit on a sled, and then glide down a(n) _(3)_ slide that curved up at the end. By the early 19th century, France had at least two coasters. These early rides had a few gentle _(4)_ . This was before loops were added to make them more exciting. In 1846, France _(5)_ a coaster with a 13-foot loop. Throughout the 1900s, roller coasters started popping up all over the world. Nowadays, there are a variety of coasters—steel or wooden, some with passengers standing, and some even suspend passengers.

　　Coaster enthusiasts travel the globe in order to experience _(6)_ roller coaster engineers have developed. These thrill seekers hunt for speed, excitement, and the exhilaration of feeling _(7)_ a jet that only a coaster can provide. No matter where you go, roller coasters allow you to fly without ever leaving the earth.


──by LuAnn Crowther Oliver


1. (A) come around(B) been around(C) looked around(D) turned around

2. (A) known(B) knowing(C) to know(D) where knows

3. (A) covering-ice(B) covered-ice(C) ice-covered(D) ice-covering

4. (A) high and low(B) dos and don'ts(C) ups and downs(D) cause and effect

5. (A) inquired(B) exaggerated(C) boasted(D) commented

6. (A) what(B) which(C) that(D) how

7. (A) alike(B) like(C) as if(D) up to



　　全世界的雲霄飛車多不勝數。這些令人驚聲尖叫的機器每年吸引了好幾百萬人的搭乘，以及數十億元的進帳。現今的雲霄飛車有些高達四十公尺，而且明顯是二十一世紀的產物，然而雲霄飛車的概念已存在近四百年之久。

　　大部分研究雲霄飛車的歷史學家一致認為雲霄飛車這概念來自俄羅斯。十七世紀中期，在現今稱為聖彼得堡的地區，一些包括了凱薩琳女王的上層階級會群聚到俄羅斯滑雪場。滑雪者先爬上一個木製階梯，坐在雪橇上，然後滑下一座覆蓋著白雪、終端往上翹的滑道。到了十九世紀初期，法國至少有兩座雲霄飛車。這些早期的雲霄飛車只有些微的起伏。這是在增加刺激的360度軌道之前的事。一八四六年，法國以他們十三英尺高的360度雲霄飛車為傲。一九○○年以降，雲霄飛車開始如雨後春筍般在全世界出現。現在有各式各樣的雲霄飛車──鋼鐵製或木製的，有些讓乘客站著，有些甚至把乘客懸掛在空中。

　　雲霄飛車愛好者環遊世界就是想要體驗偉大的雲霄飛車技師們所創造的傑作。這些追求刺激的人尋求速度、驚險和只有雲霄飛車可以提供──如同乘坐噴射機般的快感。不論你去哪裡，雲霄飛車可以讓你不用離開地球表面就能飛上雲霄。




標準答案: 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (B)


  
 
 
 
單字小舖


 

1. dot vt. 星羅棋布於……

2. concept n. 概念, 觀念

3. staircase n. 樓梯 (間)

4. sled n. 雪橇

5. glide vi. 滑行, 滑動

6. curve vi. 彎曲

7. loop n. 360度旋轉的軌道

8. enthusiast n. 狂熱者

9. exhilaration n. 狂喜, 興高采烈


  
 
 
 
精解字詞片語


 

1.flock to + 地方　　湧向某地
例: Tourists flock to the resort every winter vacation.
（每年寒假旅客都會湧向該渡假勝地。）

2.pop up　　突然出現/發生
例: It seems that a new 7-Eleven pops up every few days.
（好像每幾天就會有一家新的7-Eleven開張。）

3.a variety of...　 　各式各樣的……
例: There were a variety of trees growing on the side of the hill.
（那座山坡上長著各種不同的樹木。）

4.suspend vt. 使懸吊
例: The students suspended the sign in the middle of the room.
（學生們把那個標誌懸吊在房間中央。）

5.hunt for...　 　尋找……
例: If you are hunting for something to do this weekend, let me know.
（假如你這週末想找事做，就跟我說一聲。）


  
 
 
 
原來如此


 

1.第一題空格應選 (B) been around

理由:
a.(A) come around　　恢復知覺
例:The patient didn't come around for three hours.
（病人過了三小時都沒回復知覺。）

(B) have been around　　存在一陣子
注意:
have been around表『已經存在一陣子』, 而be around則表『清醒』。
例:Digital TV has been around for many years, but only a few families have it.
（數位電視已經存在好幾年了，不過只有少數家庭中會有。）
Don't worry. She will be around in an hour.
（別擔心，她一小時後就會清醒。）

(C) look around　　四處看看

(D) turn around　　轉身

b.根據語意, 可知(B)為正選。



2.第二題空格應選 (A) known

理由:
a.原句實等於:
...in the area today which is known as St. Petersburg,...
(……在今日稱為聖彼得堡的地區……)
be known as + 身分/名稱　　
以…… (身分/名稱) 知名/為人所知
例:That computer store is known as a bad shop to do business with.
（那家電腦店有不會做生意的臭名。）

b.原句中的形容詞子句"which is known as..."可化簡為過去分詞片語"known as...", 故(A)應為正選。



3.第三題空格應選 (C) ice-covered

理由:
a.本空格在測試複合形容詞的用法。複合形容詞的形式為『N-現在分詞』或『N-過去分詞』, 由此可知, (A)與(B)均不可選。

b.複合形容詞的使用原則如下:
(1) 表主動概念時, 應使用『N-現在分詞』。
例:Daisy is a girl who likes to break boys' hearts.
→Daisy is a heart-breaking girl.
（黛西是個會令人心碎的女孩。）

(2)表被動概念時, 應使用『N-過去分詞』。
例:The girl whose heart is broken cried for most of the morning.
→The heart-broken girl cried for most of the morning.
（那個被傷了心的女孩哭了快一個早上。）

c.根據上述, (C) ice-covered (被雪覆蓋的) 應為正選。



4.第四題空格應選 (C) ups and downs

理由:
a.(A) high and low　　上上下下, 到處
例:We searched high and low for the missing dog but couldn't find him.
（我們到處找那隻失蹤的狗，但都找不到。）

(B) dos and don'ts　該做與不該做的, 行為守則
例:It takes a while to get used to the dos and don'ts of the office.
（要習慣辦公室規則得花一些時間。）

(C) ups and downs　　高高低低, 起伏
例:All marriages have their ups and downs.
（所有的婚姻都有高低潮。）

(D) cause and effect　　原因與結果

b.空格前為一形容詞gentle (溫和的), 可知其後應置入名詞。 (A)選項為副詞片語, 故不可選。(B)、(C)、 (D)雖均為名詞片語, 但僅(D)置入後符合語意, 故為正選。



5.第五題空格應選 (C) boasted

理由:
a.(A) inquire vt. & vi. 詢問, 查詢
例:I'm calling to inquire about the job opening I saw in the paper.
（我是打電話來詢問我在報紙上看到的工作機會。）

(B) exaggerate vt. 誇大

(C) boast vt. 以擁有……自豪 & vi. 誇耀, 自誇
boast of/about...　　誇耀/自誇……
例:Ireland boasts beautiful beaches and great restaurants.
（愛爾蘭以其美麗海岸和很棒的餐廳自豪。）
Paul likes to boast about his achievements.
（保羅喜歡吹噓他的成就。）

(D) comment vi. 評論
comment on...　　評論……
例:My mother feels that it is her job to comment on what I wear.
（我媽媽覺得評論我的穿著是她的工作。）

b.根據語意、用法, 可知應選(C)。



6.第六題空格應選 (A) what

理由:
a.what為複合關係代名詞, 等於the thing(s) which, 使用時其前不須有先行詞 (名詞), 且what置入空格後, 亦可做其後及物動詞developed的受詞, 符合語意、用法, 故(A)為正選。

b.which與that作關係代名詞時, 其前須有先行詞 (名詞), 故(B)、(C)不可選。

c.疑問詞how雖可用來引導名詞子句, 但由於how是副詞, 須用來修飾該名詞子句中的動詞, 而此處空格須置入可作developed受詞的詞類, 故 (D) 不可選。



7.第七題空格應選 (B) like

理由:
a.(A) 無feel alike之用法。

(B) feel like + N　　感覺(起來) 像……
例:It feels like silk, but it's actually artificial fiber.
（那摸起來像絲綢，事實上卻是人工纖維。）

(C) feel as if + S+ V　　感覺彷彿/好像……

(D) feel up to...
覺得能勝任/擔當……(工作等)
例:I feel up to the task. I will have it done on time.
（我覺得能勝任這項任務。我一定會準時完成。）

b.根據上述, 僅(B)置入後符合語意、用法, 故為正選。

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