Luis國際資訊事務所

photo by Luis Hsu 第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敘述與間接敘述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

 

	顏元叔英漢/英英雙解辭典	英漢字典
	林語堂當代漢英詞典	漢英字典
	譯點通線上字典	英漢/漢英字典
	香港 Net Dictionary	英漢/ 字詞搭配資料庫
	Cambridge Dictionary	劍橋線上英英字典
	Longman WebDictionary	朗文線上英英字典
	Oxford Dictionary	牛津進階英英字典
	Merriam-Webster On-Line	韋氏英英字典/同義字
	Thesaurus.com	同義/反義字典
	Wordsmyth	同義/反義字典
	Slang Dictionary	英文俚語辭典
	Encyclopedia.com

Once a city-state, Rome grew to become the political and cultural center of the Mediterranean. The empire stretched as far as Britain to the West and Mesopotamia to the East. Romans considered themselves to be the direct descendants of the mythical people of Troy, believing they had inherited the favor of the gods. Through its many glorious military conquests and achievements, the Roman world has left a rich legacy for modern scholars. What has been learned has given us a glimpse into a time in which man reached a height of civilization that had never been seen before.

　　During the early years of Roman history, 750-510 B.C., Rome was ruled by successive kings. Rome evolved quickly, and by the end of the fifth century B.C., the last king was expelled and a republican government was established. During this era, Rome succeeded in conquering all of Italy and by the first century B.C., was the lasting power in the Mediterranean.

　　At this time, rival military forces began to compete for power. Two men, Pompey and Julius Caesar, emerged as bitter rivals with opposing armies. In 49 B.C., civil war broke out, with Julius Caesar eventually defeating Pompey. Voted dictator for life by the senate, Caesar met with an untimely death on the 15th of March in 44 B.C. The date will forever be known as "The Ides of March."

羅馬原本只是一個城邦，後來逐漸發展成地中海政治和文化的中心。羅馬帝國西達大不列顛，東至美索不達米亞平原。羅馬人認為他們是傳說中特洛伊人的嫡系子孫，他們相信自己繼承了諸神的恩寵。羅馬多次輝煌的軍事勝利和其非凡的成就留給現代學者豐富的遺產。我們對於羅馬的認識使我們能一窺這個創下文明顛峰的時代。

Manners Please　餐桌禮儀 (2005-03-25)

It's mealtime. Laughing voices mingle with the smell of deliciously prepared food as Brother, Sister, Mom, and Dad enjoy the spread before them. _(1)_ Though eating on the run is common, it doesn't mean that you can let your table manners slack off. Despite the fact that the rules for dining aren't as rigid as before, they should be learned. _(2)_ First, watch how you're sitting. Posture is of great importance when dining with others. "Elbows, elbows, if you're able ─keep your elbows off the table!" is a rhyme drilled into children's heads from the time they can sit. Also, make sure you sit up and by all means, don't hunch over your meal. On the other hand, don't lean too far back in your chair. _(3)_ In different cultures, eating with your fingers is normal and expected. When it comes to most Western cuisine, there is a short list of foods that can be eaten without utensils. _(4)_ Trying to cut these things with a knife and fork would be difficult and would make you seem a bit out of place. There are hundreds of dos and don'ts when it comes to dining with others. _(5)_ ──by Jerri C. Graham

(A) This can lead to more food ending up on your clothes than in your mouth.

(B) Bacon, bread, cookies, and corn on the cob are just a few of the foods that can be eaten with your fingers.

(C) No one fully masters them all, but it's at least nice to try.

Recently, yoga, meditation, and essential oils have had a surge of renewed popularity as ways of improving your health. Though essential oils have been all the _(1)_ , we should not forget about the oils that we use in everyday life. Olive, sesame, and coconut oil can be bought at most grocery stores for a fraction of the price of essential oils. Research proves that these common oils are just as beneficial _(2)_ their sexily scented cousins.

　　Associated with high cholesterol and heart disease, the consumption of saturated fats has been discouraged. Coconut oil, _(3)_ is a saturated fat, has also been given a bad rap. But in countries such as the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and some parts of New Zealand, coconut oil is used in large _(4)_ for cooking. It turns out that people in these areas have lower cholesterol and a lower incidence of heart disease.

　　Lately, studies have _(5)_ that Western health trends have been misleading when _(6)_ comes to the benefits of coconut oil. In fact, coconut oil is now being hyped as "The Miracle Oil." Researchers suggest lower cholesterol, clear and healthy skin, and even weight loss are some of the beneficial side effects of using coconut oil. While experts have yet to find a cure-all for human ailments, it may do us all _(7)_ to give different things a try.

──by Tara McAteer

Skiing has come a long way since the Stone Age, when early humans jumped on boards before going out to hunt. Back then, sliding down snow-covered hills was merely a means of pursuing prey. _(1)_ a successful skiing trip in the Stone Age would have required bringing home a wooly mammoth, today it merely involves a trip to any of the three hundred plus alpine skiing resorts scattered around the globe.

　　It took quite some time for skiing to _(2)_ the gap between utility and recreation. The first evidence of skiing simply _(3)_ the sake of skiing can be found in Icelandic poetry written roughly 1,000 years ago. One poem boasts of the high speed achieved by a skiing Viking king. King Hadrade skied for no other reason _(4)_ to feel the air against his face, the pull of gravity on his body, and the sensation of controlled falling that skiing provides.

　　Of course, skiing equipment also took some time to advance beyond the 4,500-year-old wooden skis archeologists found in Scandinavia. Early skis were _(5)_ tree branches stripped of their leaves. Neither the material nor the shape of those early skis _(6)_ much resemblance to modern ones. Today's skis are complicated mixtures of fiberglass and metal, _(7)_ more like hourglasses than tree branches. These developments have made skiing easier and thus more enjoyable.

──by LuAnn Crowther Oliver

Cock-a-Doodle-Doo!　猴年過，雞年到 (2005-02-24)

The monkey has climbed out of his tree and now another animal is on the scene. It is the year of the Rooster. Roosters are the life of the party. _(1)_ Unfortunately, they sometimes like to brag about what they have around others that may not be as well off. _(2)_ Roosters are excellent with their finances and are good providers for their families.

　　Men born in the year of the Rooster can be extremely attractive. _(3)_ Like a rooster in a barnyard, the man born in this year will strut around with his chest thrust out in an effort to show the world his beautiful "feathers."

　　For the most part, there are two distinct types of Roosters. _(4)_ They are not ignoring what is going on around them, just quietly interpreting their surroundings. Then there are the Roosters that are constantly talking. _(5)_ Roosters have many good qualities such as being organized, precise, alert, and direct. Just as human beings are unique, so are the 12 animals of the Chinese horoscope.

──by Jerri C. Graham

Sometimes traveling on your own can be daunting. But when you need help planning a trip by yourself, you need look no further than the Lonely Planet guidebooks. Lonely Planet has successfully created guidebooks for hundreds of countries and cities around the world. And it doesn't end there. Lonely Planet is a valuable resource for the novice and experienced travelers, alike.

　　Paperback guidebooks are the most popular products produced by Lonely Planet. They have more than 650 guidebooks in 14 languages. Some of these books are theme guides, which include topics such as art, history, beaches, food, islands and many others. Lonely Planet also publishes language guides, which include useful phrases for traveling around a country.

　　In addition to guidebooks, Lonely Planet has an abundance of online resources. Among the most useful is the Thorn Tree Forum. On Thorn Tree, travelers can ask other travelers questions about a specific destination. If you can't decide whether to take the train or fly from Hong Kong to Beijing, you can ask someone who has done it before. Airfare and accommodations can be booked and travel insurance purchased on the Lonely Planet website.

　　The success of Lonely Planet most likely derives from the main principles of the organization. According to their website, "Travel can be a powerful force for tolerance and understanding. As a part of a worldwide community of travelers, we want to enable everyone to travel with awareness, respect and care." It is this foundation that makes the world a smaller and less complicated place to explore.

第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敘述與間接敘述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敘述與間接敘述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敍述與間接敍述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敍述與間接敍述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

第五篇      動      詞

第八章  直接敍述與間接敍述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)

第五篇 動 詞 第八章 直接敍述與間接敍述 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech) 1. 直接敍述的定義： 2. 引介語的成分： 3. 引介語的位置： 4. 句中引介語之各種可能的位置： 　 • • • 　 續 上 期 5. 在主要子句與副詞子句之間。如： 　 (1) “What will you do,” she asked, “when I am far away？” (“你會做什麽,” 她問道，“在我遠行的時候?”) 　 (2) “If anyone rings up,” he said, “say that I'll be back shortly.” (“如果有人打電話來，” 他說，“就說我很快就回來。”) 6. 在兩個對等子句之間 —— 若有連接詞，放在第二部分之首。如： 　 (1) “Don't eat too much starch,” I advised her, “and avoid fried food.” (“不要吃太多的澱粉，”我勸她，“並且避免吃煎炸食品。”) 　 (2) “Shall I tell her what happened?” he said, “or shall I say nothing?” (“我要不要告訴她發生了什麽事?” 他說，“還是什麽都不說?”) 　 (3) “Always cook with vegetable oil,” said her mother; “never use lard.” (“永遠用植物油做菜，”她母親說，“別用豬油。”) 7. 在兩個獨立的句子之間。如： 　 (1) “Don't shelter under a tree in a thunderstorm,” he said. “The tree might be struck by lightning.” (“在雷雨中不要躲在樹下，” 他說。“那棵樹可能被閃電擊中。”) 　 (2) “Why do you ask me?” I said. “Why don't you ask your wife?” (“你爲什麽問我?” 我說。“你爲什麽不問你的太太?”) 　 (3) “You can keep that one if you like, Sunny,” she said. “I've got plenty of others.” (“如果你喜歡你可以把那個留下，桑妮，” 她說。“我還有許多。”) 8. 在 yes / no 之後。如： 　 (1) “Did you hear a terrible crash around 3 a.m. this morning?” said my host. (“今天淩晨三點左右，你有沒有聽見一聲可怕的巨響?” 我的房東說。) 　 　 “Yes,” I said. “What was it?” (“聽到了，” 我說。“那是什麽聲音?”) 　 (2) “Haven't you got a television set?” he asked. (“你沒有電視機嗎?”他問道。) 　 　 “No,” I said. “Nobody in our village has got one.” (“沒有，” 我說。“我們村裏沒人有。”) You can't mend a broken heart with a silver thread. 更多內容請參閱 : http://www.hosenglish.com. from賀氏英文法全書

第五篇 動 詞 第七章 語態 (Voice) 5. 若干特殊形式的被動語態： 6. 主動的形式，被動的含義： 7. 被動的形式，主動的含義： 8. 英語是被動，國語卻是主動： 9. 使用被動語態的時機： • • • 　 　 續 上 期 10. 沒有被動語態的動詞： 　 1. 不是所有的動詞都有被動語態。不及物動詞不能用作被動語態，因爲它們沒有受詞可以充當被動語態的主詞；也有些及物動詞沒有被動語態，其中大多數是表示狀態而非表示動作的動詞，以及許多不可用進行式 (閱 p.564) 的動詞。 如： 　 　 (1) 只可說： They have a nice apartment. (主動) (他們有一間很好的公寓。) 　 　 　 不可說： A nice apartment is had by them. (被動) 　 　 (2) 只可說： This coat doesn't fit me. (主動) (這件上衣不合我穿。) 　 　 　 不可說： I'm not fitted by this coat. (被動) 　 　 (3) 只可說： Sunny resembles her father. (主動) (桑妮像她爸爸。) 　 　 　 不可說： Sunny's father is resembled by her. (被動) 　 　 (4) 只可說： Your husband lacks tact. (主動) (你的先生缺乏機智。) 　 　 　 不可說： Tact is lacked by your husband. (被動) 　 　 (5) 只可說： Does the climate suit you? (主動) (這種氣候適不適合你?) 　 　 　 不可說： Are you suited by the climate? (被動) 　 　 (6) 只可說： This watch cost me $1,000. (主動) (這隻錶花了我一千元。) 　 　 　 不可說： I was cost $1,000 by this watch. (被動) 　 　 (7) 只可說： The tailor measured me for a suit. (主動) (那裁縫替我量做西服的尺寸。) 　 　 　 不可說： I was measured for a suit. (被動) 　 　 (8) 只可說： He weighed himself on the scale. (主動) (他在磅秤上量體重。) 　 　 　 不可說： He was weighed on the scale. (被動) 　 2. 並非所有的介詞動詞 (即 “不及物動詞＋介詞”) 都可以用在被動語態裡，有些則不可。如： 　 　 (1) 可以說： You are not to sit on that chair. (主動) (你不可以坐在那張椅子上。) 　 　 　 或 說： That chair is not to be sat on. (被動) (那張椅子不可以坐。) 　 　 (2) 可以說： We have looked after the children very well. (主動) (我們已經把這些孩子照顧得很好。) 　 　 　 或 說： The children have been very well looked after. (被動) (這些孩子已被照顧得很好。) 　 　 (3) 只可說： She walked into the room. (主動) (她走進了那個房間。) 　 　 　 不可說： The room was walked into. (被動) 　 　 (4) 只可說： Everybody agreed with me. (主動) (每一個人都同意我的意見。) 　 　 　 不可說： I was agreed with by everybody. (被動) 　 　 　 哪些介詞動詞可以用作被動語態，哪些不可? 有沒有一定的原則可循? 我的回答是沒有。因爲到現在爲止我還沒有看到過也還沒有想出來有任何蛛絲馬跡可循。讀者 (連我自己在內) 只有從平常的接觸中隨學隨記。 You can't mend a broken heart with a silver thread. 更多內容請參閱 : http://www.hosenglish.com. from賀氏英文法全書

第五篇      動      詞

第七章  語態  (Voice)

第五篇      動      詞

第七章  語態  (Voice)

第五篇      動      詞

第七章  語態  (Voice)

第五篇      動      詞

第七章  語態  (Voice)

第五篇      動      詞

第七章  語態  (Voice)